农村初中生情绪行为问题及影响因素调查分析

目的 探讨农村初中生情绪行为问题状况及影响因素,为开展心理干预提供依据.方法 对1 958名初中生采用自编一般资料调查问卷和长处与困难问卷(学生版)进行测评分析.结果 农村初中生长处与困难问卷总困难分及多动因子、情绪因子、品行因子分均低于常模,同伴因子分高于常模.男生长处与困难问卷多动因子、品行因子、同伴因子分显著高于女生(P＜0.01);亲社会因子、情绪因子分显著低于女生(P＜0.01).初三学生总困难分及亲社会因子、多动因子、情绪因子分显著高于初一、初二(P＜0.01);初一学生同伴因子分显著高于初二、初三(P＜0.01).不同健康状况初中生长处与困难问卷总困难分及多动因子、情绪因子、同伴因子分差异有显著性(P＜0.05或0.01).不同学习成绩初中生长处与困难问卷总困难分及亲社会因子、多动因子、情绪因子、品行因子分差异有显著性(P＜0.01).结论 农村初中生存在多种情绪行为问题,同伴关系问题更为显著,影响因素众多,心理干预应具有针对性.

Emotion and behavior problems and influencing factors among rural junior high school students

Objective To explore the emotion and behavior problems and influencmg factors among rural junior high school students in order to provide basis for developing mental intervention. Methods Assess- ments were carried out with the Self-designed General Information Questionnaire （SGIQ） and self-report version of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire （SDQ） among 1,958 rural junior high school students. Results Total difficulty, H, E and C score in the students lower and P higher compared with norm. H, C and P score were significantly higher （P〈0.01） and S and E lower （P〈0. 01） in male students than in female ones. Total difficulty, S, H and E score were significantly higher in students of grade 3 than in one of 1 and 2 （P〈0.01） ; P score was significantly higher in students of grade 1 than in one of 2 and 3 （P〈0. 01）. There were significant differences in total difficulty, H, E and P score （P〈0.05 or 0.01） and among the students with various health conditions and in total difficulty, S, H, E and C score among ones with various academic achievement. Conclusion Rural junior high school students have many kinds of emotion and behavior problems, especially peer, influencing factors are more, and mental intervention should be purposeful.