深圳市三级甲等综合医院ICU护士职业倦怠程度及其影响因素的研究

目的]了解重症监护室(ICU)护士职业倦怠程度及其影响因素。方法]采用不记名调查问卷收集资料,对深圳市4所三级甲等综合医院ICU护士进行问卷调查。结果]ICU护士职业倦怠的去人格化和个人成就感维度得分分别为(5.48±2.36)分和(33.51±7.79)分,均低于北美常模(P<0.01);情绪倦怠感得分为(24.72±8.98)分,高于北美常模(P<0.01)。ICU护士工作压力源依次为:工作量及时间分配问题、病人护理方面的问题、护理专业及工作方面的问题、工作环境及资源方面的问题、管理及人际关系方面的问题。将护士工作压力源的35个条目与职业倦怠的3个维度进行相关分析,共有护理工作的社会地位太低等10个条目与职业倦怠呈显著性相关。结论]深圳市三级甲等综合医院ICU护士呈现出较高的工作倦怠,建议护理管理者从以人为本的角度对ICU护士进行重点干预,给予其足够的社会支持和参与管理决策的机会,降低其护理工作压力源水平,以期减轻其职业倦怠,确保ICU护士身心健康和良好的护理质量。

Study on burnout level of ICU nurses and its influencing factors in three- grade A hospital in Shenzhen City

Objective： To know about the burnout level of ICU nurses and its influencing factors. Methods：The anonymous questionnaire was used to collect data,and ICU nurses in four three- grade A hospital in Shenzhen City conducted a questionnaire survey. Results：depersonali- zation and personal accomplishment scores of ICU nurse burnout were （5.48±2. 36） and （33.51±7.79）,which were lower than the North American norm （P〈0. 01） ; Emotional burnout score was 24. 72± 8. 98, which was significantly higher than the North America norm. Job stressors of ICU nurse were workload and time allocation problem,the problem of patient care, the nursing profession and work issues, work environment and resources issues, management and interpersonal prob- lems in turn. Correlation analysis between the 35 nursing professional stress factors and the three dimensional burnout items showed that 10 stress factors such as low social status of nursing were significantly relevant to nurse＇s burnout. Conclusion： ICU nurses in three grade A hospitals in Shenzhen city have higher burnout. It is recommended that nurse department administrators should make some earlier interventions from the perspective of humanity such as giving their adequate social support and opportunities to participate in management decision- making, reducing stress level and lower their burnout, so as to ensure that the nurses have a good health and high quality of patient care.