静态肌力及其影响因素的探讨

目的了解不同人群的部分人体测量学参数及其静态肌力,探讨静态肌力的影响因素。方法选择193名工人、行政人员和大学生作为研究对象,其中男146例、女47例;测量其手握力、臂提举力、肩提举力和腰拉力。结果静态肌力测试结果表明,男性平均左手握力、右手握力、臂提举力、肩提举力和腰拉力分别为(42.07±7.20)、(43.92±7.14)、(26.79±4.64)、(33.79±6.88)、(88.56±17.98)kg,而女性则分别为(21.29±5.09)、(23.26±5.47)、(13.29±3.37)、(18.52±4.01)、(41.06±12.04)kg;女性各种肌力均小于男性,约为男性的50%。年龄比较可见,各种肌力以40~岁组较高。性别和体重与静态肌力存在明显相关。以体重为校正参数,可见各组握力的差异无统计学意义(P<0.05),仅男性工人腰拉力>大学生>行政人员,年龄间比较见相对肌力除腰拉力各年龄组有所不同外,其他肌力各年龄组相似。结论以体重为自变量,可建立肌力预测方程。相对肌力的计算可消除体重等肌力的干扰。

Isometric muscle strength measurements and assessment: a pilot study

OBJECTIVE: To determine the anthropometric parameters and the isometric muscle strength in a working population sample in China, and to investigate the relationship between muscle strength and individual attributes, such as age, gender, height and weight. METHODS: The study population consisted of 146 male and 47 female people including workers, administrators and college students. Four types of muscle strength, i.e., handgrip, arm lift, shoulder lift, and torso pull, were measured. RESULTS: Left handgrip, right handgrip, arm lift, shoulder lift and torso pull of male workers were (42.07 +/- 7.20), (43.92 +/- 7.14), (26.79 +/- 4.64), (33.79 +/- 6.88), (88.56 +/- 17.98) kg, respectively while those of female workers were (21.29 +/- 5.09), (23.26 +/- 5.47), (13.29 +/- 3.37), (18.52 +/- 4.01), (41.06 +/- 12.04) kg, respectively. The female's strength was about 50% lower than the male's. The strength in the 40 approximately years old group was higher than that in other age groups. There were significant positive correlation between the gender and the isometric strength as well as between the body weight and the isometric strength. If the body weight served as the corrected parameter, there was no significant difference in the handgrip among the groups (P < 0.05), but the torso pull of male workers > college students > administrators. All relative muscle strengths except the torso pull were similar for all age groups. CONCLUSION: The body weight as the independent variable can be used for establishing the predictive equation of the muscle strength. Calculation of the relative muscle strength can relieve the interference of the body weight for the muscle strength.