复合骨形态发生蛋白胎儿骨修复长骨缺损的实验研究

寻找满意的骨形态发生蛋白（ＢＭＰ）的载体一直是应用ＢＭＰ修复骨缺损研究中的一个重要课题，为探讨胎儿骨（ＦＢ）能否成为ＢＭＰ载体，制备了复合ＢＭＰ胎儿骨（ＢＭＰ／ＦＢ），将其植入兔桡骨中段１５ｍｍ人工缺损处，以单纯ＦＢ植入、异体骨（ＡＬＢ）植入、空白作为对照，通过Ｘ线摄片，光镜观察，电子探针钙磷元素测定等方法了解各组骨缺损修复速度和愈合程度。结果发现ＢＭＰ／ＦＢ植入侧４周时骨缺损处有大量间充质细胞聚集，８周形成骨小梁，ＦＢ基本被吸收，１２周出现部分板层骨，钙磷值达到正常桡骨皮质骨水平，１６周骨细胞成熟，髓腔再通，外观塑形较好，在不同时间点骨缺损修复程度，ＢＭＰ／ＦＢ组明显优于ＦＢ组，ＦＢ组优于ＡＬＢ组，空白组骨缺损则被纤维组织，脂肪组织等填充。实验证明ＦＢ是一种良好的ＢＭＰ载体。

Bone Repair Induced by Bone Morphogenetic Protein/Fetal Bone composition in Radias Defect of the Rabbits

For the evaluation of the fetal bone (FB) as a carrier for bone morphogenetic protein (BMP), BMP/FB composition was prepared and was implanted in the 15 mm radial defects in adult rabbits, while FB or allogenetic bone (ALB) or no graft was implanted in the animals as controls. At 4, 8, 12 and 16 weeks after the operation, the bone repair process in the four groups of animals were compared using roentgenograms, histological section, scanning electron microscopy and electron probe microanalysis. In BMP/FB implanted group, there was extensive proliferation of mesenchymal cells in the radial defects and bone trabeculation at 4 and 8 weeks after surgery respectively. Remodeling into lamella bone was seen at 12 and 16 weeks postoperatively. The results show that , the radial defects implanted with BMP/FB composition were repaired more rapidly than those implanted with FB or ALB. It indicates that FB is effective as a carrier of BMP and suggests that BMP/FB composition may be an excellent graft for diaphyseal defect restoration.