Intermittent preventive antimalarial treatment for Tanzanian infants: follow-up to age 2 years of a randomised, placebo-controlled trial |
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Authors: | Schellenberg David Menendez Clara Aponte John J Kahigwa Elizeus Tanner Marcel Mshinda Hassan Alonso Pedro |
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Institution: | Centre for International Health, Institut d'Investigacions Biomedicas August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain. dmschellenberg@aol.com |
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Abstract: | Stopping antimalarial chemoprophylaxis can be followed by increased risk of malaria, suggesting that it interferes with the development of antimalarial immunity. We report analysis of extended follow-up until age 2 years of a randomised, placebo-controlled double-blind trial of intermittent preventive antimalarial treatment in infants. The rate of clinical malaria (events per person-year at risk, starting 1 month after final dose of intermittent treatment) was 0.28 in the sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine group and 0.43 in the placebo group (protective effect 36%, 95% CI 11-53). Intermittent treatment produced a sustained reduction in the risk of clinical malaria extending well beyond the duration of the pharmacological effects of the drugs, excluding a so-called rebound effect and suggesting that such treatment could facilitate development of immunity against Plasmodium falciparum. |
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