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维持性血液透析患者代谢性酸中毒对营养状态的独立影响
引用本文:杨飞,钟波,王翠.维持性血液透析患者代谢性酸中毒对营养状态的独立影响[J].中国血液净化,2008,7(1):23-26.
作者姓名:杨飞  钟波  王翠
作者单位:解放军306医院血液净化中心,北京,100101
摘    要:目的评估血液透析剂量和酸中毒状态分别对机体营养状态的独立影响。方法选择解放军306医院血液净化中心42例维持性血液透析病例检测透析前血清HCO3^-、pH、血清白蛋白、标准化蛋白代谢率(PCRn)、Kt/v和体重指数(BMI)等指标,参试患者均为标准HCO3^-透析,持续时间平均(100±37)月,排除标准为:合并慢性肝脏疾病、恶性肿瘤以及恶病质状态。结果平均年龄为(61±13)岁,Kt/v为(1.34±0.15),PCRn为(1.09±0.06)g/(kg·d),血清白蛋白为(39.3±3.3)g/L,BMI为(20±2.3)kg/m^2,HCO3^-为(21.0±2.4)mmol/1,pH值为(7.36±0.06)。血清白蛋白水平与PCRn(P〈0.05)、HCO3^-(P〈0.05)、pH(P〈0.05)显著正相关,但与Kt/V和BMI无显著相关性,血清HCO3^-和PCRn显著负相关(P〈0.05)。线性回归分析表明年龄、血清HCO3^-浓度和PCRn对血清白蛋白浓度的显著性意义,而Kt/v对血清白蛋白浓度无显著性影响,将参试患者分为2组,对于HCO3^-≤20mmol/L的病例,血清白蛋白浓度平均为(36.9±2.3)g/L,而对于HCO3^-≥20mmol/L的病例,血清白蛋白浓度平均为(41.1±2.8)g/L(P〈0.05);相应组PCRn分别为(1.08±0.07)g/kg/d和(1.09±0.06)g/kg/d(P=NS)。同时结果提示血清白蛋白浓度与透析剂量无显著相关性(Kt/V范围:0.95到1.82)。结论对于Kt/v达标的维持性血液透析患者,酸中毒对血清白蛋白水平为负性影响,同时与膳食蛋白摄入(通过PCRn进行评估)无关。当机体存在中度到重度代谢性酸中毒状态时,PCRn并不能反映真实的膳食蛋白摄入情况,可能与机体内源性蛋白质分解代谢增强有关。

关 键 词:酸中毒  血液透析  营养状态  标准化蛋白代谢率  K  t/v
修稿时间:2007年10月29

The independent influence of metabolic acidosis on nutritional status in hemodialysis patients
YANG Fei,ZHONG Bo,WANG Cui.The independent influence of metabolic acidosis on nutritional status in hemodialysis patients[J].Chinese Journal of Blood Purification,2008,7(1):23-26.
Authors:YANG Fei  ZHONG Bo  WANG Cui
Institution:. (Center of Blood Purification, 306 Hospital of PLA, Beijing 100101, China)
Abstract:Objective To evaluate the role of dialysis dose and metabolic acidosis on nutrition status. Methods We measured serum HCO3^-, pH, serum albumin, normalized protein catabolic rate (PCRn), Kt/V and body mass index (BMI) before dialysis in 42 uremic patients on maintenance bicarbonate hemodialysis (HD) for (100 ± 37) months. Patients with chronic liver diseases, malignancies, and cachexia were excluded. Results Their mean age was (61 ± 13) years, Kt/V (1.34 ± 0.15), PCRn (1.09 ± 0.06) g/kg/day, serum albumin (39.3 ± 3.3) g/L, BMI (20 ± 2.3) kg/m2, HCO3 (21.0 ± 2.4) mmol/l, and pH (7.36 ± 0.06). Serum albumin correlated positively with PCRn (P 〈 0.05), HCO3^-(P 〈 0.05) and pH (P 〈 0.05), but not with Kt/V and BMI. Serum HCO3^- inversely correlated with PCRn (P 〈 0.05). Linear regression analysis confirmed the significant role of serum bicarbonate, age and PCRn on serum albumin concentration, and the insignificant role of Kt/V on serum albumin. We then divided the patients into two groups. Serum albumin was (36.9 ± 2.3) g/L in the group with HCO3^- ≤20 mmol/l, and was (41.1 ± 2.8) g/L in the group with serum HCO3^- ≥20 mmolFL (P〈0.05). PCRn was (1.08 ± 0.07) g/kg/day in the former group and was (1.09 ± 0.06) g/kg/day in the latter group. Serum albumin did not affected by dialysis dose (Kt/V ranging from 0.95 to 1.82). Conclusions In HI) patients with adequate Kt/V, metabolic acidosis is a detrimental effect on serum albumin concentration, and is unrelated to protein intake as evaluated by PCRn. In patients with moderate to severe metabolic acidosis, PCRn can not appropriately reflect the dietary protein intake of the patients, probably due to the increased catabolism of endogenous proteins.
Keywords:Acidosis  Haemodialysis  Nutrition  PCRn  Kt/V
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