Lactobacillus plantarum Lipoteichoic Acid Inhibits Oral Multispecies Biofilm |
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Authors: | A. Reum Kim Ki Bum Ahn Cheol-Heui Yun Ok-Jin Park Hiran Perinpanayagam Yeon-Jee Yoo Kee-Yeon Kum Seung Hyun Han |
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Affiliation: | 1. Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, DRI and BK21 Plus Program, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea;2. Research Division, for Biotechnology, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongup, Republic of Korea;3. Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea;4. Division of Restorative Dentistry, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada;6. Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea |
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Abstract: | IntroductionApical periodontitis is an inflammatory disease in the periradicular region of teeth that results from infection by multispecies bacterial biofilm residing in the root canal system. In this study, we investigated whether Lactobacillus plantarum lipoteichoic acid (Lp.LTA) could inhibit multispecies oral pathogenic bacterial biofilm formation.MethodsHighly pure and structurally intact Lp.LTA was purified from L. plantarum. Actinomyces naeslundii, Lactobacillus salivarius, Streptococcus mutans, and Enterococcus faecalis were co-cultured to form oral multispecies biofilm in the presence or absence of Lp.LTA on culture plates or human dentin slices. Preformed biofilm was treated with or without Lp.LTA, followed by additional treatment with intracanal medicaments such as calcium hydroxide or chlorhexidine digluconate. Confocal microscopy and crystal violet assay were performed to determine biofilm formation. Biofilm on human dentin slices was visualized with a scanning electron microscope.ResultsBiofilm formation of multispecies bacteria on the culture dishes was dose-dependently reduced by Lp.LTA compared with the nontreatment control group. Lp.LTA also inhibited multispecies biofilm formation on the dentin slices in a dose-dependent manner. Interestingly, Lp.LTA was shown to reduce preformed multispecies biofilm compared with the nontreatment group. Moreover, Lp.LTA potentiated the effectiveness of the intracanal medicaments in the removal of preformed multispecies biofilm.ConclusionsThese results suggest that Lp.LTA is a potential anti-biofilm agent for treatment or prevention of oral infectious disease, including apical periodontitis, which is mainly caused by multispecies bacterial biofilm. |
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Keywords: | Apical periodontitis biofilm formation intracanal medicament ipoteichoic acid |
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