急性心肌梗塞患者个性特征负性情绪和生活方式特征调查

目的探讨急性心肌梗塞患者个性特征、负性情绪和生活方式的临床特征，为临床干预提供依据。方法将91例急性心肌梗塞患者设为研究组，90名健康者设为对照组。采用艾森克个性问卷、生活方式调查表、汉密顿抑郁量表、汉密顿焦虑量表对两组进行评定分析。结果研究组急性心肌梗塞发作前79．12％有明显心理刺激因素；艾森克个性问卷的外倾性、神经质维度分均显著高于对照组（P〈0．01），不良生活方式占有率均显著高于对照组（P〈0．01）；汉密顿抑郁量表总分、焦虑／躯体化、认知障碍、阻滞、睡眠障碍、绝望因子分和汉密顿焦虑量表总分、躯体性焦虑、精神性焦虑因子分均显著高于对照组（P〈0．01），不同程度抑郁及焦虑发生率均显著高于对照组（P〈0．05）。结论不良个性倾向、负性情绪和不良生活方式可能是急性心肌梗塞的发病危险因素，在控制生物病因的同时，应改善不良生活方式，调整情绪，加强心理治疗，改变不良认知模式和应激情绪反应方式。

Surveys of personality characteristics, negative emotion and ife style in acute myocardial infarction patients

Objective To study personality characteristics, negative emotion, life style in patients with acute myocardial infarct （AMI）. Methods 91 AMI patients and 90 normal persons were investigated with EPQ, HAMD,HAMA, life-style and generally investigated tables. Results 72 patients （79. 12%） had obvious psychologic stimulant factors in AMI gronp . Compared with normal group, AMI patients had higher scores in E. N of EPQ, had more extraversion behavior, emotionally unstable personality （P〈0.05 or 〈0.01）,AMI group had higher scores in somatization or anxiety or depression, cognitive impairment, retardation,hopelessness,sleep disorder,sum scores of HAMD（P〈 0. 01）. Conclusion Unhealthy personality characteristics , negative emotion and harmful life style are risk factors to AMI, mental treatment can prevent the occurrence of this disease and improve its recovery.