循环肿瘤DNA检测在非小细胞肺癌早期预警及监测管理中的研究进展

非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)约占肺癌的85%,发病率和病死率位居全球前列,由于其起病与进展的隐匿性,被发现时患者已丧失最佳的治疗时机。国内外课题组致力于NSCLC早期检测技术的研发及精准化治疗方法学的探寻,以期延长患者的无进展生存期和总存活时间。液体活检即通过血液、尿液或唾液等进行疾病特异性生物学标志物检测,具有微创性、高敏感性、可重复性等优势。该手段有助于癌症基因图谱的全面反映,极大克服了病灶组织学活检在时空上的异质性,对耐药靶点的发现、新药疗效预测及临床用药方案的调整意义深远。本文就液体活检中的环肿瘤DNA(circulating tumor DNA,ctDNA)检测在NSCLC早期诊断及监测管理的研究进展进行综述,以促进该技术临床应用价值的开拓。

Research progress in circulating tumor DNA detection in early warning and monitoring management of non-small cell lung cancer

Non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC) accounts for about 85% of lung cancer,and the morbidity and mortality rate of it rank among the highest in the world.Because of the anonymity of onset and progression,patients have lost the best treatment opportunity when they were found.Hence,to prolong the progression-free survival(PFS) and overall survival time(OS) of patients,research groups are committed currently both at home and abroad to the early detection technology research and accurate treatment methodology of NSCLC.Fluid biopsy is a method of diagnosis for some diseases through blood or urine etc.,which has the advantages of minimally invasive,high sensitivity and repeatability.This method also contributes to the comprehensive reflection of cancer gene mapping,greatly overcomes the spatial and temporal heterogeneity of focus histology biopsy,and is of profound significance to the discovery of drug resistance targets and the prediction of new drug efficacy and the adjustment of clinical drug regimens.In order to promote the clinical application value of this technique,this paper reviews the advantages and limitations of the early diagnosis and monitoring management of NSCLC by using Circulating tumor DNA(ctDNA) detection in liquid biopsy.