新西兰白兔支气管败血波氏杆菌的分离与鉴定

目的了解支气管败血波氏杆菌在实验兔群中的感染情况，并对该菌的生物学特性进行研究。方法从江苏南京地区四家实验兔场采集有鼻炎症状的患兔鼻腔分泌物63份进行细菌的分离鉴定，并对分离菌对小鼠的毒性，对断奶幼兔的致病性，对抗生素敏感性和生长培养特性等进行了研究。结果共分离出支气管败血波氏杆菌19株，分离率为30．16％，分离菌中有15株为强毒，1株为弱毒，3株无毒；对其中5株强毒株的抗生素敏感性试验表明，所有毒株对新霉素、氯霉素、红霉素、妥布霉素高度敏感，而对痢特灵、链霉素、洁霉素均不敏感，对其他抗生素的敏感性则各不相同。结论支气管败血波氏杆菌是引起实验兔鼻炎的重要病原菌，分离率较高，并与季节具有一定的相关性，分离菌对小鼠毒性较高，对幼兔具有一定的致病性，具有特定的生长特性、形态特性和对抗生素的敏感特性。

Isolation and Identification of Bordetella Bronchiseptica from New Zealand White Rabbits

Objective To investigate the incidence of experimental rabbits infected with BordeteUa bronchiseptica, and then research some biological characteristics of these bacteria. Methods Bordetella bronchiseptica were isolated and identified from nasal cavities of 63 rabbits with rhinitis in four experimental rabbits fields around Nanjing, and some characteristics of the isolates including toxicity to ICR mice, pathogenicity to infant rabbits, the growth and culture characterization, antibiotics sensitivity .etc were researched. Results 19 BordeteUa bronchiseptica strains were isolated, and the rote was 30.16%. Among these bacteria, 15, 1, 3 were characterized as high, low and no pathogenicity to ICR mice, respectively. Antibiotics sensitivity tests of 5 high pathogenic bacteria strains showed these bacteria had highly susceptible to Neomycin, Chloramphenicol, Erythrocin and Tobramycin, but they were resistant to Furazolidone, Lincomycin and Streptomycin, and the sensitivity to other antibiotics was different. Conclusion Bordetella bronchiseptica was one of the important bacteria causing rabbit rhinitis. The positive rate was high, and related with seasons. These isolates were high virulence to ICR mice and pathogenicity to infant rabbits. Their characterization of culture, morphology and antibiotics sensitivity were specific.