下腔静脉滤器置入术预防肺栓塞46例分析

目的:探讨下腔静脉滤器(IVCF)置入术在治疗下肢深静脉血栓(DVT)中的预防肺栓塞疗效,并发症以及相关处理。方法:在DSA下经皮股静脉途径置入下腔静脉滤器46例,术中观察和术后随访了解预防致死性肺栓塞(PE)的发生情况。结果:46例患者下腔静脉滤器均置入成功,术后随访6～24个月,其中1例于术中发生肺栓塞,经抢救后患者恢复正常;1例患者术中发现下腔静脉内有血栓形成;1例患者出现11个月后健侧静脉血栓形成;1例患者出现下腔静脉穿孔。余无相关并发症。结论:下腔静脉滤器可以有效预防肺动脉栓塞,术前彩色超声及术中下腔静脉造影是确保下腔静脉滤器(VCF)放置成功的关键。

Inferior vena cava filters in prevention of pulmonary embolism in 46 cases

Objective：To investigate the effects of inferior vena cava filter（IVCF）implantation for preventing pulmonary embolism （PE） by management of the deep venous thrombosis（DVT） of lower limbs and postoperative complications.Methods：Inferior vena cave filters were implanted in 46 patients via femoral vein under DSA,with intraoperative observation and postoperative monitoring the incidence of the life-threatening PE.Results：IVCFs were implanted successfully in the 46 patients.Postoperative follow-up between 6 and 24 months showed that 1 patient complicated PE during the procedure but recovered by emergency treatment,1 was found intraoperatively inferior vena cave embolism formation,1 embolism in the vein of the unaffected side 11 months after the surgery and another 1,perforation of the inferior vena cava.No complications occurred in the rest.Conclusion：Implantation of the inferior vena cave filters could effectively prevent PE,but color ultrasonography before the procedure and intraoperative inferior vena cave angiography are important to the success of IVCF placement.