应急状态下药品专利强制许可的几点思考

目的 探讨药品专利强制许可的条件以及实施药品专利强制许可的具体步骤。方法 通过收集中国、美国、印度和世界贸易组织的药品专利强制许可的法律法规，分析我国执行药品专利强制许可的现状及面临的问题，比较药品专利强制许可的可行做法。结果 我国需要完善药品专利强制许可制度，明确其执行细则，加强政策引导，鼓励政企合作等方式来保证应急状态时顺利执行药品专利强制许可。结论 通过吸收国际组织和相关国家的药品专利强制许可的有益条款，补充和完善我国药品专利强制许可制度和执行细则，以实现应急状态下药品的供应保障，满足公众健康的需要。

Some thoughts on compulsory licensing of pharmaceutical patents in emergency situations

Objective To explore the conditions for compulsory licensing of pharmaceutical patents and the steps for implementing compulsory licensing of pharmaceutical patents. Methods The current situation and problem of compulsory licensing of pharmaceutical patents in China were analyzed by collecting the relevant laws and regulations in China, United States, India, and the World Trade Organization. The feasible practices of compulsory licensing of pharmaceutical patents among the other countries and organizations were compared. Results China needs to improve the system of compulsory licensing of pharmaceutical patents, clarify the implementation details, strengthen policy guidance, and encourage cooperation between government and enterprises to ensure the smooth implementation in emergency situations. Conclusion Compulsory licensing system and implementation rules in China for pharmaceutical patents should be supplemented and improved by absorbing the useful provisions of international organizations and relevant countries, so as to achieve the pharmaceutical supply in emergency situations and meet the needs of public health.