男护士工作形塑行为现状及影响因素分析

目的 了解男护士工作形塑行为现状，分析其影响因素,为针对性干预提供参考。方法 采用目的抽样和整群抽样法，抽取山东省16个地市1 527名男护士作为研究对象，采用一般资料调查表、工作形塑量表、一般自我效能量表、领悟社会支持量表、性别角色冲突量表进行调查,分析影响因素。结果 男护士工作形塑得分为（80.71±17.67）分；多元线性回归分析结果显示，领悟社会支持中朋友支持、其他支持2个维度、工作自我效能及性别角色冲突中追求成功和成就、限制性情感表达、工作/学校与家庭冲突3个维度是男护士工作形塑的主要影响因素（均P＜0.05），可解释总变异的68.4%。结论 男护士工作形塑行为处于中等偏上水平，可通过加强社会支持力度、增强工作自我效能、提高追求成功和成就意愿、减少工作/学校与家庭冲突，制定有效干预措施，提高其工作形塑水平。

Analysis of the Current Situation and Influencing Factors of Male Nurses′ Job crafting Behavior

Objective To understand the current situation of male nurses′ job crafting behavior and analyze its influencing factors，and provide references for targeted interventions. Methods Using purposive sampling and cluster sampling methods, 1, 527 male nurses in 16 cities in Shandong province were selected as the study subjects. The general information questionnaire, Job crafting Scale, General Self-Efficacy Scale, Perceived Social Support Scale, and Sex Role Conflict Scale were used for data collection. Results The male nurses′ job crafting score was (80.71±17.67), and the results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that dimensions of friend support and other support within perceived social support, job self-efficacy, dimensions of pursuit of success and achievement, restrictive emotional expression, and work/school-family conflict within gender role conflict were the main influencing factors for job crafting among male nurses (all P<0.05), explaining 68.4% of the total variance. Conclusion The job crafting behaviors of male nurses are at a moderately high level. Effective interventions could be developed to improve their job crafting by strengthening social support, enhancing work self-efficacy, fostering a desire for success and achievement, reducing work/school-family conflicts.