Distribution and potential significance of intravillous and intrafibrinous particulate microcalcification |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States;2. Center for Perinatal Studies, Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, WA, United States;3. Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States;1. Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Science in Lublin, 20-033 Lublin, Akademicka 12, Poland;2. Clinic for Obstetrics and Pathology of Pregnancy, Medical University, 20-081 Lublin, Staszica 16, Poland;3. Ist Clinic for Gynecological Oncology and Gynecology, Medical University, 20-081 Lublin, Staszica 16, Poland;4. Unit for Gynecology and Obstetrics with Pathology of Pregnancy, City Hospital in Swidnik, Al. Lotników Polskich 18, 21-040 ?widnik, Poland;1. Department of Molecular Medicine and Anatomy, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo 113-8602, Japan;2. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan;3. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan;1. Department of Obstetrics and Clinical Laboratory, Bikur Cholim Campus, Jerusalem, Israel;2. Department of Pathology, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel;1. Obstetrical Department, No.215 Hospital of Shanxi Nuclear Industry, Xianyang, Shaanxi, 712000, China;2. Obstetrical Department, Yan''an University Affiliated Hospital, Yan''an, Shaanxi, 716000, China;3. The 2nd Department of Obstetrical, Northwest Women and Children''s Hospital, Xian, Shaanxi, 710000, China;4. Obstetrical Department, Northwest Women and Children''s Hospital, Xian, Shaanxi, 710000, China;5. Gynaecology and Obstetrics, 4th (Xing Yuan) Hospital of Yulin, Yulin, Shaanxi, 719000, China;6. Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Xian NO.1 Hospital, Xian, Shaanxi, 710000, China;7. Obstetrical Department, Shaanxi Baoji Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Baoji 721000, China;8. Obstetrical Department, Yan''an People''s Hospital, Yanan, Shaanxi, 716000, China |
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| Abstract: | Radiologic studies indicate that placental calcifications seen at 28–32 weeks' gestation are associated with adverse fetal outcome. One type of placental calcification is typically located at the basement membrane of chorionic villi. It has a fine particulate appearance and can only be seen microscopically. We have designated these calcifications as Intravillous and Intrafibrinous Particulate MicroCalcification (IPMC). In this study we examined the distribution and potential significance of IPMC. Placentas from 14 groups of fetal and maternal outcomes are examined histologically for IPMC. These groups were preterm birth, post term birth, intrauterine fetal demise, fetuses with non-reassuring heart rates, intrauterine growth restriction, fetal anomalies, mothers with gestational hypertension, gestational diabetes, placental abruption, pre-eclampsia and placentas of normal spontaneous vaginal births and placentas with chorioamnionitis, chronic villitis and infarcts. We observed fine dust-like particulates deposited in continuous and discrete patches. The particulates were predominantly located in the basement membranes of fibrotic chorionic villi and in perivillous fibrin. Compared to placentas without adverse outcomes, a higher incidence of IPMC was seen in intrauterine fetal demise cases and in cases with infarcts which suggests that hypoxia played a role in the etiology of IPMC. |
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| Keywords: | Placenta Microcalcification Chorionic villi Perivillous fibrin |
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