Review: Eicosanoids in preterm labor and delivery: Potential roles of exosomes in eicosanoid functions |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA;2. Center for Developmental Health, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA;1. Arkansas Children''s Nutrition Center, Little Rock, AR, USA;2. Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA;3. Arkansas Children''s Hospital, Little Rock, AR, USA;4. Arkansas Children''s Research Institute, Little Rock, AR, USA;1. Conjoint Endocrine Laboratory, Chemical Pathology, Pathology Queensland, Queensland Health, Herston, Qld 4029, Australia;2. School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Herston, Qld 4029, Australia;3. School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Qld 4000, Australia;4. School of Medical Science, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus Southport, Queensland, Australia;1. Exosome Biology Laboratory, Centre for Clinical Diagnostics, University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Royal Brisbane and Women''s Hospital, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4029, Australia;2. Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ochsner Clinic Foundation, New Orleans, USA |
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| Abstract: | Preterm delivery is a major obstetric health problem contributing to poor neonatal outcome including low birth weight, respiratory distress syndrome, gastrointestinal, immunologic, central nervous system, hearing, and vision problems. Worldwide, approximately 15 million babies are born prematurely each year. The critical question which remains is how to identify women destined to deliver preterm from those who will achieve a term delivery. Prostaglandins, in all mammals, are important in the parturient process. Increased intrauterine prostaglandin production is associated with labor and in fact prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) or analogs are widely used clinically for cervical ripening and labor induction. Measurements of circulating eicosanoids have been problematic because of the rapid and major clearance by the lungs and then kidneys resulting in very low concentrations in plasma. Moreover, since eicosanoids are produced by all mammalian tissues, the sources of the measured eicosanoids are unknown. Our understanding of how cells communicate has undergone a paradigm shift with the recognition of the role of exosomes in intercellular signaling. Recent publications have identified enzymes and products of arachidonic acid metabolism (eicosanoids) within exosomes. This review will explore the potential roles of exosomes in eicosanoid functions that are critical in preterm labor and delivery. |
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| Keywords: | Eicosanoids Exosomes Preterm birth |
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