护理人员工作满意度、工作负荷与压力自我评价及其影响因素

目的了解医院护理人员对工作负荷、工作压力和满意度的自我认识与评价,探讨年龄、学历、工作年限等个人特征对工作负荷、工作压力和满意度的影响。方法采取整群抽样的方法,对2所三级医院10个科室260名正式在编护士进行问卷调查,内容包括护理人员年龄,学历,职称,从事护理工作年限,护理工作负荷及工作压力大小及原因,工作、收入满意度及原因等,并对调查资料进行统计学分析。结果护理人员认为工作负荷重的比例占83.7%,报告工作压力大的比例占80.5%;工作负荷重的原因主要是护理人员缺乏,工作压力大的原因主要是工作负荷重和担心人身安全;护理工作年限、学历和职称是影响护理人员对工作负荷评价的因素;护理人员对工作与收入满意度不高,且职称越高,工作满意度越低;工作满意度不高的主要原因是收入低、工作不受重视、个人才能难以发挥、职称晋升难。结论护理人员工作负荷重,工作压力大,工作满意度不高;有必要制定针对性的人力资源管理对策,合理配备与使用护理人员,减轻护理人员工作负荷与压力,提高护士的工作满意度。

Analysis of the Factors Influencing the Self-Perception of Job Satisfaction,Workload and Job Stress among Nurses

Objective To understand the self-perception of the nurses regarding their workload,job stress and job satisfaction,and analyze the factors that affect their perceptions.Methods Totally 260 full-time registered nurses were enrolled in this study,who served in 10 different departments of two public hospitals in Weifang city.A stratified sampling design was used according to the distribution of nursing units,and the number of registered nurses employed in each of the nursing units was investigated.A self-administered questionnaire covering a range of workload-related issues and job satisfaction was distributed directly to the nurses for their responses.Chi square tests were performed to examine the impacts of the sample characteristics on their perceptions.Results Most of the registered nurses reported very heavy workload(83.7%),and 80.5% of the nurses perceive their work as stressful,expressing a rather low job satisfaction.The years of nursing experience,education level and professional position had influences on the nurses' perceptions of the workload.Conclusion The findings implicated that the nursing managers and hospital administrators should implement staff planning strategies aimed at recruiting new nurses,reducing nurses' workload and improving their job satisfaction.