2007年度药物滥用预警信息分析

目的:了解2007年我国大陆地区流行性滥用药物的分布特征,为加强禁毒工作,有针对性地防治麻醉药品、精神药品流行滥用提供参考依据。方法:对《药物滥用监测网络信息管理系统》实时采集2007年度监测数据进行趋势性分析,通过产生的预警信息,报告可能发生流行性滥用的药物。全年预警报告信息集中提示各种类型药物滥用流行的地区分布与时间分布情况。本年度预警报告滥用药物不包括已经在我国大陆地区流行滥用的海洛因及阿片。结果:2007年《药物滥用监测网络信息管理系统》发布可能发生药物流行性滥用的预警信息320条,其中,主要涉及阿片类药物(曲马多、哌替啶、二氢埃托啡、吗啡、复方甘草片、复方地芬诺酯等)的预警信息120条,占37.5%,7-8月是其预警报告高发时段,华东地区是流行滥用的高发地区;涉及苯丙胺类物质("冰毒"、"摇头丸")和氯胺酮、"麻谷丸"的预警信息106条,占33.1%,11-12月是其预警报告高发时段,东北地区是流行滥用的高发地区;涉及苯二氮艹卓类药物(地西泮、艾司唑仑、阿普唑仑)的预警信息60条,占18.8%,7月是其预警报告高发时段,华东、西南地区是流行滥用的高发地区。结论:本年度预警的流行性滥用的药物涉及种类多,覆盖面广,7-8月、11-12月是预警信息的频发时段。建议各地结合本地区流行性滥用药物的分布特征,采取有针对性的药物滥用预防措施。

PREWARNING INFORMATION ON DRUG ABUSE IN MAINLAND CHINA IN 2007

Objective:To understand the characteristics of prevalent drug abuse in Mainland China in 2007 and provide scientific data for drug control and management of narcotics and psychotropic drugs.Methods:An analysis was conducted on the real-time data on drug abuse collected by Information Management System of Drug Abuse Surveillance Network(IMSDASN) to learn what type of drugs cause abuse prevalence,where and when they emerged the most seriously.This time we did not include heroin and opium because the prevalence of these two drugs was fairly clear.Results:Altogether 320 pieces of prewarning information on drug abuse issued by IMSDASN.Among them,120 pieces(accounted for 37.5%) reported opioids abuse,including tramadol,pethidine,dihydroetorphine,morphine,compound licorice tables,compound diphenoxylate,which were collected mostly during July to August from the east region;amphetamine-type stimulants such as "Ice","Yaotouwan","Magu" pills and kitamine were 106 pieces(33.1%),the reports came mostly during November to December from the northeast region;60 pieces(18.8%) reported benzodiazepines including diazepam,estazolam and alprazolam,which received mostly in July from the east and southwest region.Conclusion:Many drugs are reported being abused and almost all regions are involved.Prewarning emerges most frequently during July to August and November to December.Our finding suggests drug abuse prevention should be conducted according to its drug abuse prevalent characters.