农村儿童应对性侵犯能力现况及其影响因素分析

目的：了解农村儿童应对性侵犯能力现况并探索其影响因素，为预防儿童性侵犯提供科学依据。方法：抽取河北省3个农村地区6所小学3～6年级学生1345名，采用儿童社交焦虑量表、儿童孤独量表、Piers-Harris儿童自我意识量表及自编问卷进行集体匿名问卷调查。结果：农村儿童对熟悉的人和喜欢的人警惕性较低，仅29.2％的学生知道喜欢的人也可能用让人感觉不好的方式接触自己的身体。遇到性侵犯发生时，除了家人外较少求助家庭以外的人，仅42.6％的学生知道可以向家庭以外的人求助。多因素分析结果显示，低年级、母亲长期外出、孤独情绪是农村儿童预防性侵犯能力的影响因素。结论：农村儿童预防性侵犯能力依然有待提高，低年级、母亲长期外出、孤独情绪对其有重要影响，在开展相关工作时要有侧重、有计划，做到全面布控，重点干预。

Status and influencing factors of child sexual abuse prevention skills of elementary school pupils in rural ar-ea

To understand the status of child sexual abuse prevention skills of elementary school pupils in rural area and explore its influential factors,to provide scientific basis for the prevention of child sexual a-buse.Methods：1345 pupils from three rural areas of grade 3 to 6 from 6 schools in Hebei province were surveyed by questionnaires which were Social Anxiety Scale for Children,Children’s Loneliness Scale,Children’s self-concept Scale and anonymous collective self-administered questionnaire.Results：Rural children had low vigilance against familiar people and liker;only 29.2% of them knew the liker may also touch them in unpleasant ways. When sexual assault occurred,they seldom turned to the people not in their family,for only 42.6% of them knew that they could also turn to people outside the family for help.Multivariate analysis showed that loneliness,junior grade and long-time away from their mother were main influence factors for sexual abuse prevention ability of rural children.Conclusion：The child sexual abuse prevention ability of rural children still needs to be improved,and factors such as loneliness,junior grade and long-time away from their mother have important effects on the ability. Therefore,related work should be conducted with focus and plan,to achieve comprehensive control and focused in-tervention.