早产儿脑白质损伤的发病机制及早期诊断方法的新进展

随着早产儿救治成功率的提高,早产儿脑白质损伤的发病率也逐年升高。脑白质损伤是早产儿脑损伤最常见的形式之一,常导致患儿出现不同程度的神经发育延迟及认知障碍等后遗症,严重者可发生脑瘫。脑白质损伤早期的临床表现缺乏特异性,目前主要依靠头颅超声、磁共振等影像学的检查,近年来,实验室检查及脑功能性检查也越来越受关注。因此,了解其发生机制,结合多种检查方法做出诊断,对其进行及早干预和治疗,提高患儿生活质量具有重要意义。

The New Progress in the Pathogenesis and Early Diagnostic Methods of the Premature White Matter Injury

With the improvement of the success rate of premature treatment,the incidence of premature white matter injury is rising year by year. White matter injury is one of the most common forms of brain injury in premature infants,and often leads to different degrees of neurodevelopment delays, cognitive impairment, even causes cerebral palsy. The clinical manifestations of the early cerebral white matter injury lack specificity, relying mainly on cranial ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging, and other radiographic examination for diag- nosis. In recent years,laboratory examination and brain functional check are receiving more and more attention. Therefore, it is very important to understand the mechanism, in combination with various examination methods for early diagnosis for intervention, treatment and improving the quality of life of the children patients.