216例儿童用药不良反应分析

目的：了解儿童用药情况，探讨药品不良反应产生原因和影响因素及处理方法。方法：在2445份不良反应报告表中检索儿童用药后引发不良反应的病例，按患者性别、年龄、既往不良反应史、给药途径、临床表现、处理方法及结果等分类进行统计分析。结果：2445份不良反应病例报告表中，216例属儿童用药的不良反应病例，占8．83％。216例中71．76％的儿童使用抗茵药后引起不良反应；72．70％的患儿通过静脉给药；20．80％存在了合并用药现象；1．39％的患者使用儿童专用剂型；2例留有后遗症，1例死亡。结论：儿童用药，既有成人用药的普遍性，又有儿童生理特点的独立性，临床需提高儿童用药质量，减少不良反应的发生。

An Analysis of Adverse Drug Reactions in 216 Child Cases

Objective: To investigate the adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in children and discuss the factors inducing the ADRs.Method: 2 445 ADR cases of children reports were statistically analyzed in terms of patients' gender, age, ADR history, route of admiaistration, clinical manifestation, disposaling methods and results.Result: 216 of the 2 445 cases of ADR reports were involved in children, accounting for 8.83% . ADRs were caused in 71.76% of the 216 cases after taking the antibacterial drugs. 72.7% of the drugs were administered through veins, and two kinds of medication were taken in a combined way in 20.80% of the cases. 1.39% of the children patients took a special form of medication for children. There were two cases of sequela and only one dead.Conclusion: Medication for children has not only the universality but also its own uniqueness compared with medication for adult. Several factors should be taken into consideration in choosing drugs to avoid the occurrence of ADR.