ICU病原菌的分布特点及耐药分析

目的了解ICU病原菌分布特点及其耐药性。方法对2013年1~12月上海市第八人民医院ICU所有病原菌进行细菌鉴定与药敏试验。结果共分离出病原菌187株,其中革兰阳性菌37株(占19.79%),以金黄色葡萄球菌为主,革兰阳性菌对万古霉素、替考拉宁、利奈唑胺耐药率为0.00%;分离革兰阴性菌135株(占72.19%),以铜绿假单胞菌、鲍曼不动杆菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、大肠埃希菌为主,其中鲍曼不动杆菌对头孢哌酮/舒巴坦、米诺环素耐药率较低,分别为43.59%、46.15%,铜绿假单胞菌对阿米卡星、头孢噻肟、头孢哌酮/舒巴坦耐药率较低,分别为27.91%、32.56%,30.23%;分离出真菌15株(占8.02%),主要为白色假丝酵母菌、热带假丝酵母菌。结论定期检测ICU病原菌的分布种类和耐药变化,为临床合理使用抗菌药物提供依据。

Analysis on distribution characteristics and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in ICU

Objective To investigate the distribution characteristics and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in ICU . Methods The bacteria identification and drug sensitive test were carried out on all pathogenic bacteria in ICU of our hospital from January 2013 to December 2013 .Results A total of 187 strains of pathogenic bacteria were separated ,among them 37 strains (19 .79% ) were Gram‐positive bacteria ,which was dominated by staphylococcus aureus ,with drug resistance rate to vancomycin , teicoplanin and linezolid of 0 .00% ;135 strains were Gram‐negative bacteria (72 .19% ) ,which was dominated by pseudomonas aeruginosa ,acinetobacter baumannii ,klebsiella pneumoniae and escherichia coli ,the drug resistant rate of acinetobacter baumannii to cefoperazone/sulbactam and minocycline was lower (43 .59% ,46 .15% ,which of pseudomonas aeruginosa to amikacin ,cefotaxime , cefoperazone/sulbactam were 27 .91% ,32 .56% and 30 .23% ,respectively ;15 strains(8 .02% ) of fungi were isolated ,which were mainly candida albicans and candida tropicalis .Conclusion Regular detection of distribution types and drug resistance change can provide the basis for climical rational use of antibacterial drugs .