血细胞形态检测在血液疾病诊断中的作用

目的评价外周血异常血细胞形态检查在血液疾病诊断中的作用。方法针对2015年2~8月来该院进行血常规检测的患者标本,选取计数正常而散点图异常的标本24例,以及触犯该科室21条复检规则的标本378例,共402例进行外周血涂片检查。结果计数正常而散点图异常的24例标本中,有19例异型淋巴细胞比例均高于正常参考范围。378例触犯复检规则的血常规标本中,检出慢性粒细胞白血病1例,非霍奇金淋巴瘤1例,多发性骨髓瘤1例,传染性单核细胞增多症2例,缺铁性贫血15例,血小板减少性紫癜3例,荨麻疹伴重度贫血1例。结论外周血细胞形态检查对于疾病的辅助诊断具有一定的作用,对于触犯复检规则和计数正常的血常规,都应仔细观察其散点图,结合临床进行血细胞形态学检查,避免漏诊、误诊发生。

Role of blood cell morphology detection in diagnosis of blood diseases

Objective To evaluate the role of peripheral blood cell morphology in the diagnosis of blood diseases .Methods Ai‐ming at the specimens in the patients undergoing the blood routine examination in our hospital from February to August 2015 ,402 specimens ,including 24 specimens of normal count and abnormal scatter diagram and 378 specimens violating 21‐item re‐test rule in this laboratory ,were selected and performed the peripheral blood smear examination .Results Among 24 specimens of normal count and abnormal scatter diagram ,the abnormal lymphocyte ratio in 19 cases were higher than the normal reference range .Among 378 specimens violating the re‐detection rule ,1 case of chronic myeloid leukemia ,1 case of non‐Hodgkin′s lymphoma ,1 case of mul‐tiple myeloma ,2 cases of infectious mononucleosis ,15 cases of iron deficiency anemia ,3 cases thrombocytopenic purpura and 1case of urticaria complicating severe anemia were detected .Conclusion Peripheral blood cell morphological examination has a certain role in auxiliary diagnosis of disease ,in the blood routine violating the re‐test rule and normal count ,the scatter diagram should be carefully observed and the blood cell morphological examination should be conducted by combining with clinic for avoiding the oc‐currence of missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis .