舌异位甲状腺的诊治

目的　探讨舌异位甲状腺临床特点、诊断及治疗。方法　回顾性分析6例舌异位甲状腺患者临床资料，分析其临床特征、影像学特点、治疗方案及预后。结果　6例舌异位甲状腺经Tc-99m甲状腺静态显像确诊，均位于舌根部。1例甲状腺素替代治疗，1例未行任何治疗。3例行舌根异位甲状腺转位术，术后均口服左旋甲状腺素片，咽部异物感和睡眠打鼾症状消失。1例舌根异位甲状腺乳头状癌行支撑喉镜下舌根肿物切除术，失访。结论　甲状腺静态显像对舌异位甲状腺诊断具有特异性。其手术适应证为异位甲状腺致气道阻塞、睡眠打鼾及咽部异物感等症状明显者，肿物出血、囊性变及癌变。治疗原则是尽量保留甲状腺功能，综合运用手术、甲状腺激素替代及碘放疗等方法改善症状、预防及治疗甲状腺功能减退。

Diagnosis and therapy of lingual ectopic thyroid

OBJECTIVE To explore the strategy of diagnosis and therapy of lingual ectopic thyroid(LET). METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the clinical data of6 cases of LET, and figured out the clinical features, imaging characteristics, therapy and prognosis.RESULTS 6 lingual ectopic thyroids were diagnosed by the Tc-99m thyroid static imaging; 3 cases accepted surgery, one only took oral levothyroxine, and one selected watch and see. 3 cases of lingual ectopic thyroid accepted the ectopic thyroid transposition and took oral levothyroxine postoperatively. Pharynx foreign body sensation and sleep snoring disappeared one month later. The lingual ectopic thyroid carcinoma resection was performed by direct laryngoscope in one case which was lost to follow up.CONCLUSION The thyroid static imaging is specific to the diagnosis of the LET. The indications of the surgery were obvious symptoms such as airway obstruction, snoring and pharyngeal foreign body sensation, and mass hemorrhage, cystic degeneration and carcinogenesis. The principle of therapy is to retain thyroid function as far as possible and comprehensive use of surgery, thyroid hormone replacement and iodine radiotherapy to improve symptoms, prevention and treatment of hypothyroidism.