食管癌术后早期肠内营养的护理体会

目的：探讨食管癌术后早期肠内营养的护理要点。方法：回顾性分析我科150例食管癌病人早期行肠内营养的临床方法。结果：术后发生导管脱出5例,其中3例胃镜下重置导管成功,2例改肠外营养;导管不通23例,经注入可乐等含碳酸饮料通管成功。34例出现轻度腹痛或腹泻,经暂停营养液输注或控制输注速度后得到缓解;6例出现严重腹痛、腹泻,给予暂停输注营养液并经肠内营养管注入止泻药（易蒙停）后症状得到控制。术后平均2～4 d恢复肠道功能,营养状况得到改善。结论：食管癌术后早期肠内营养是一种简单、安全且经济有效的营养支持方法,早期营养液的输注对病人肠功能的恢复和营养的改善明显提高。加强护理,预防和减少鼻饲管管理中的并发症是保证肠内营养正常进行的关键。

Nursing experience of early enteral nutrition In postoperative esophageal cancer patients.

Objective： To investigate the nursing methods of early enteral nutrition in postoperative esophageal cancer patients. Methods ： The intraoperative afterloading implant method of early enteral nutrition was used in 150 patients with in postoperative esophageal cancer. Results： After operation, tubes were prolapsed in 5 patients, including 3 patients whose tubes prolapsing were resetted successful, and 2 patients receiving parenteral nutrition; tubes were blocked in 23 patients, but flushed successful with col. 34 patients suffered slightly from abdominal pain or laxness, but relieved by stop injecting nutrient fluid or controlling infusion velocity ; 6 patients sufferred from serious abdominal pain or laxness, and Take a turn for the better after suspending nutrient fluid and using antidiarrheic （lmodium） through nutrient canal. All patients restored enteral autonomy in 2 -4 days after the operations, and nutrition is made better, conclusion ： early enteral nutrition is a cost - effective, simple and safe nutritional support method in postoperative esophageal cancer. The use of nutrient fluid in the early period can make better of enteral autonomy and nutrition, intensive care is the key to prevent and lessen eomplieation of nasal feeding tube management.