联合神经阻滞与腰硬联合麻醉用于老年患者膝关节镜手术的比较

【目的】老年患者膝关节镜手术中应用神经刺激仪定位下的腰丛联合坐骨神经阻滞与腰硬联合麻醉的麻醉效果的比较。【方法】60例拟行单侧膝关节镜手术的老年患者，年龄68．81岁，ASAⅠ-Ⅲ级，随机分为腰丛联合坐骨神经阻滞（N）和腰硬联合麻醉（SEA）两组。N组采用神经刺激仪定位下的腰丛和坐骨神经阻滞麻醉，SEA组行腰麻联合硬膜外麻醉。比较两组在不同时间段的MAP、HR、感觉、运动神经阻滞评分及镇痛时间。【结果】N组在手术过程中的MAP、HR较SEA组平稳；SEA组感觉、运动阻滞起效时间更短（P〈0．05），N组感觉、运动阻滞维持时间更长（P〈0．01）。【结论】联合神经阻滞用于老年患者膝关节镜手术，麻醉效果良好，对血液动力学影响小，且镇痛维持时间长。

A comparison between combined nerve block and spinal and epidural anesthesia for knee arthroscopy in elderly patients

Objective] To compare the efficiency of combined lumbar plexus and sciatic nerve block and spinal and epidu-ral anesthesia for knee arthroscopy in elderly patients. Methods] sixty old patients , 68 ～ 81years old, ASA Ⅰ～Ⅲ, scheduled for knee arthroscopic surgery were randomly divided into groups N and SEA. In group N patient s were under-gone lumbar plexus combined sciatic nerve block with the help of nerve stimulator. In group SEA, patient s were under-gone Spinal and epidural anesthesia. MAP, HR, onset time and duration of sensory and motor block and analgesia time were compared. Results] The onset time of sensory and motor nerve block of group SEA was shorter than that of group N (P < 0.05), and the duration of group N was longer than that of group SEA (P < 0.05) . The patients' MAP, HR of group SEA were smoother than that of group N (P < 0.05) . Conclusions] Combined nerve block for knee arthroscopy in elderly patients will produce a better anesthetic effect, a more smooth MAP and HR and a longer analgesia time.