中国育龄妇女紧急避孕知晓率及其影响因素分析

目的:探索可能影响紧急避孕知晓率的因素。方法:通过分层整群抽样方法,对全国1 041个点共39 586名育龄妇女进行面对面访问调查,问卷由经过严格培训的调查员填写。通过应用SAS统计软件包对资料进行单因素及二分类多元Logistic回归分析。结果:通过分析,发现育龄妇女年龄、受教育程度、理想子女数、居住地区、采用的避孕方法、丈夫的年龄和民族、是否与妻子讨论避孕方法和是否参加计划生育与生殖健康方面的培训活动、避孕药物的提供、宣传品是否免费以及是否读过和读懂宣传品、宣传品中是否有有关避孕节育和是否看过计划生育录像都是紧急避孕药物知晓率的影响因素。结论:加大宣教力度是提高紧急避孕知晓率最直接和有效的方法,在宣传教育方法的采用上要考虑到当地的经济和文化水平,提高紧急避孕方法的可及性和可利用性。

Analysis on Rate of Knowing Emergency Contraceptive among Chinese Child-bearing Women

Objective: To investigate possible factors relating to the rate of knowing emergency contraceptive(EC), Method: We analysis the answer of the question: "Do you ever hear emergency contraceptive?", which islisted in the questionnaire of National Family Planning and Reproductive Health survey in 2001, in which 39 586subjects were cluster-randomly selected from areas of different economic level in china. The qualitative statisticmethods and the logistic model were used to analyse the risk factors. Results: We found that the following factorswere related to the rate of knowing emergency contraceptive: woman' s age, educational level, ideal number ofchildren, negistrative residence, the kind of contraceptives used, age and nationality of the husband, whether dis-cussing contraceptive methods with her husband and whether husband has attended contraceptive training activitiesor not, contraceptive supply, whether FP education materials were free or not and whether has read or understandthe FP education materials, whether FP education materials had contraceptive information and whether watchedvideos on contraceptive recently or not. Conclusion: The most important and effective way to promote EC use isto strengthen EC health education according to the local economic level and cultural background.