广东省聋儿1886例临床表现及致病因素调查

目的通过调查广东省聋儿状况,分析广东省聋儿残疾发生的相关因素及提出康复对策。方法采用填写表格、询问病史、听力测试等方法,对广东省1886例聋儿进行调查分析。结果3岁以前发病占52.7%。感音神经性聋占76.7%,重度以上耳聋占80.8%。致聋因素产前期占20.5%;产期占25%;产后期占44.5%;致聋病因以使用耳毒性药占首位34.1%;遗传性聋居第二位13.1%。造成语言障碍占88.7%。结论降低聋儿发病率,应常规进行新生儿听力筛查;儿童期禁用氨基糖甙类耳毒性药物;婚检把关,减少遗传性耳聋的发生。聋儿绝大部分有残余听力,应加强早期聋儿听力语言训练干预。

Clinical manifestations and pathogenic factors of deaf children in Guangdong,investigation of 1886 cases

Aim To investigate the clinical manifestations and pathogenic factors of deaf children as the basis of rehabilitation strategy.Methods A questionnaire survey,interrogation,and hearing test were conducted among 1886deaf children,1194males and 692females,aged0-14,from the urban and rural areas o f Guangdong province,who sought medical advice in Guangdong Rehabil itation Center 1997-2001.Results52.7%of the children came down with d eafness before the age of 3.Neurosensory deafness accounted fo r 40%of the cases.80.8%of the cases were with severe deafness.Prenatal factors made up 20.5%of the total deafening factors,perinatal facto rs 25.0%,and postnatal factors 45.5%.Causing 34.1%of the deafness cases,ototoxic medicine ranked first etio-logically,followed by genetic factors,as the causes of 13.1%of the case s.88.7%of the cases had speech disorders.Conclusion Majority of the deafness came on before the age of 3.Hearing sifting should be a routine fo r newborns.Ototoxic medicines shoul d be forbidden for children.Hearing and speech training should be commenced early.