线粒体DNA与肿瘤关系的研究进展

线粒体DNA(mitochondrialDNA,mtDNA)是核外唯一遗传物质,线粒体基因组与肿瘤的关系日益受到关注。mtDNA编码参与氧化磷酸化和ATP生成所需多肽,由于其独特的生物学环境和结构特性,与核基因组相比,mtDNA更容易发生氧化损伤和突变。已经在很多肿瘤组织及细胞系中发现了mtDNA结构和功能的变化,肿瘤细胞mtDNA的核内整合可能是导致细胞癌变的重要因素,而突变mtDNA的检测可望成为肿瘤的非侵入性诊断的有效分子标记。

Progress in study of mitochondrial DNA correlating with carcinoma

MtDNA(mitochondrial DNA) is the only extra-nuclear gene. Studies have shown that mitochondrial genome has relation with cancer genesis and development, which has been brought into the limelight for a broader audience. mtDNA encodes the polypeptides required for oxidative phosphorylation and synthesis of ATP. Because of its special biological and structural characters, mtDNA is more vulnerable to oxidative damage and undergoes a higher rate of mutation than nDNA. Various tumors contained mtDNA mutations that were not present in healthy tissues from the same individuals. The mechanism of nDNA mutagenesis involving the integration of mtDNA fragments may play an important role in carcinogenesis. Furthermore, mtDNA mutations may become a potential effective molecular marker in view of the role on noninvasive detection of carcinoma.