尿崩症并发氟骨症5例临床观察

目的 :探讨尿崩症并发氟骨症的机制及氟骨症性椎管狭窄的手术治疗方法。方法 :自2000年1月至2011年11月,应用药物控制尿崩症同时行颈椎或胸椎后路减压手术治疗尿崩症并氟骨症患者5例,男2例,女3例,年龄分别35、45、47、49、55岁。症状以四肢运动感觉障碍为主诉,同时伴多饮多尿。影像学显示颈、胸椎多节段连续性椎管狭窄。同时依据症状及实验室检查均诊断为尿崩症。依据患者症状定位责任椎段,行后路椎板切除或颈椎单开门减压手术。观察术后神经症状恢复情况,并以JOA评分评价手术效果。结果:术后5例患者伤口愈合良好,1例颈椎轴性疼痛,对症治疗后好转。5例患者获随防,时间2~6年,平均4年。患者术后肢体麻木、无力症状明显改善,肌力及针刺觉减退情况较术前明显改善,JOA评分改善,末次随访改善率优2例,良2例,可1例。结论:尿崩症患者长期大量饮用高氟水可并发氟骨症,对于多数氟骨症性椎管狭窄行后路减压手术效果良好。

Clinical observation of 5 cases of diabetes insipidus complicated with skeletal fluorosis

Objective: To investigate the mechanism of diabetes insipidus complicated with skeletal fluorosis and the surgical treatment of spinal canal stenosis caused by skeletal fluorosis.Methods: From January 2000 to November 2011,5 patients with diabetes insipidus complicated with skeletal fluorosis were treated with drug and cervical or thoracic posterior decompression including 2 males and 3 females with age of 35,45,47,49,55 years old respectively. The symptoms was mainly limb motor sensory disturbance accompanied by polyuria and polyuria. Imaging showed that cervical and thoracic multi-segmental continuous spinal stenosis. It was diagnosed with diabetes insipidus according to the symptoms and laboratory tests. According to the symptoms,the vertebral with problems were located and treated by posterior laminectomy decompression or the expansive open-door laminectomy. The recovery of neurological symptoms were recorded and the operation result were evaluate by JOA score improvement rate.Results: The wound healed well in 5 cases,and 1 case of cervical axial pain was improved after symptomatic treatment. Five patients were followed up for 2 to 6 years with an average of 4 years. Numbness of limb and weakness symptoms of follow-up patients were significantly improved,muscle strength and acupuncture hypothyroidism were significantly improved compared with preoperative,the JOA score was significantly improved. At the final follow-up,the improvement rate got excellent results in 2 cases,good in 2 and fair in 1.Conclusion: Long-term high intake of fluoride can cause skeletal fluorosis in patients with diabetes insipidus. The posterior decompression is effective for the majority of spinal canal stenosis caused by skeletal fluorosis.