胰腺癌中主要的基因改变

胰腺导管腺癌是胰腺癌中最常见的组织学类型,其发病隐匿,预后差,死亡率高,治疗手段有限。目前对其致病机制的研究很多,遗传因素和环境因素所造成的分子遗传学改变在其中凸显重要,越来越多的发现都深入到了基因分子水平。对于这些已发现的基因改变,有些已通过体内体外实验予以验证,有些仍未明确,现对其中4个主要通路的特征性分子改变以及相关途径的认识做一简要概括,进一步明确这些基因改变在胰腺癌发病过程中的作用及其研究的现状。

Major genetic changes of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is the most common pancreatic neoplasm characterized by latent morbidit,poor prognosis,high mortality rate and limited choice of treatment.Quitealot studies focused on its pathogenesis,and showed molecular genetic alterations,which derived of genetic and environmental factors and played an important role in tumorigenesis.Recently,more and more findings laid particular emphasis on the changes of gene molecule and some were confirmed in vitro and in vivo.In this paper,we made a review and summarized the marked molecular changes and signalings of the four major pathways to understand their functions in PDAC.