25个湖北钉螺种群扩增片段长度多态性分子标记的遗传变异研究

目的探讨湖北钉螺种群间的遗传变异及其程度。方法采用扩增片段长度多态性分子标记技术对来自中国大陆10省的25个种群钉螺基因组DNA样品池进行扩增，分析钉螺各种群间的遗传变异并对钉螺种群进行聚类分析。结果25个钉螺种群间的相似系数GSDICE在0．694～0．831之间，Nei无偏遗传一致性在0．635～0．799之间，遗传距离D在0．169～0．306之间，Nei无偏遗传距离在0．225～0．452之间，光壳钉螺种群间的遗传变异程度明显高于肋壳钉螺种群间的遗传变异程度（P〈0．01）。25个钉螺种群被聚成3类，A类包括来自福建福清和广西宜州的光壳钉螺种群；B类包括来自四川西昌、普格、丹棱、蒲江、广汉和云南大理的光壳钉螺种群；C类则由其他来自长江中下游地区的17个钉螺种群组成。结论在中国分布的湖北钉螺已发生较大的遗传变异，基因组水平上的钉螺种群聚类结果和其地理分布基本一致。

Study on the genetic diversity among populations of schistosome intermediate hosts within Oncomelania hupensis (Gastropoda: Rissooidea) in Mainland China

Objective To explore the genetic diversity among populations of Oncomelania hupensis. Methods Amplified fragment length polymorphism method was used to amplify the genomic DNA pools of twenty five snail populations from ten provinces, and the genetic diversities among these snail populations were analyzed. Results The coefficient rates of similarity (GSDICE) among twenty five snail populations were ranged was from 0. 694 to 0. 831 while Nei' s unbiased genetic identity was from 0.635 to 0.799. Genetic distance D from 0.169 to 0.306 , and Nei' s unbiased genetic distance from 0. 225 to 0.452. Genetic variation among smooth-shell snail populations was higher than that of ribbed shell snail populations. Twenty five snail populations were divided into three groups: group A including smooth-shell snail from Fuqing of Fujian province and Yizhou of Guangxi province while group B consisted of smoothshell snail from Dali of Yunnan province and Xichang,Puge,Danleng,Pujiang,Guanghan of Sichuan. Group C was composed of other seventeen snail populations from the Yangtze River drainage below the Three Gorges. Conclusion Big genetic variation was found among these populations of Oncomelania hupensis. The clustering result of snail populations in genomic level was consistent basically with geographical distribution.