145例肾移植受者死亡原因分析

目的　观察 1985～ 2 0 0 2年间肾移植受者死亡率及死亡原因的变化。方法　将 14 5例死亡受者按肾移植时的年份分为 1985～ 1990年、1991～ 1996年、1997～ 2 0 0 2年 3组 ,分析受者肾移植后第 1、2、3、4、5年期间死亡率及死亡原因的变化情况。结果　 3组肾移植受者术后 1、2、3年期间死亡率分别为 :1985～ 1990年组 12 .5 %、9.1%、4 .5 % ;1991～ 1996年组 7.2 %、3.9%、3.5 % ;1997～ 2 0 0 2年组 5 .2 %、1.7%、1.7%。后两组与第 1组比较 ,差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 0 1)。总死亡原因中居前 3位的是感染 (2 8.3% ) ,心血管疾病 (2 2 .8% )和肝病 (17.2 % )。在死亡构成比中 ,感染呈下降趋势 ,而肝病、恶性肿瘤和心血管疾病则呈上升趋势。结论　随着时间的发展 ,肾移植受者的死亡率有明显的下降趋势。感染、心血管疾病、肝病和恶性肿瘤是肾移植受者死亡的主要原因。

Analysis of the death causes of 145 cases of renal transplant recipients

Objective To investigate whether the mortality and death causes of renal transplant recipients have changed from 1985 to 2002 in our center.Methods 145 cases of renal transplant recipients who died during 1985 to 2002 were divided into 3 groups: 1985 to 1990,1991 to 1996,1997 to 2002. The death causes and the mortality on the 1st ,2nd,3rd,4th and 5th year post transplant of each group were reviewed.Results During the three periods,the 1st,2nd,and 3rd year mortality was decreased. Infection as a cause of death fell from 31.8 % to 29.2 % and 26.7 % . Whereas death from liver disease,cancer and cardiovasvular diseases was increased.Conclusions The mortality is decreased. Infection,cardiovascular diseases,liver diseases and cancer were the main causes of death after transplantation from 1985 to 2002. It is important to prevent these diseases and treat them effectively in order to improve the recipients' survival rate.