银马解毒颗粒与肺力咳合剂、桔贝合剂、复方鲜竹沥液祛痰作用比较研究

目的 对比研究银马解毒颗粒与肺力咳合剂、桔贝合剂、复方鲜竹沥液的祛痰作用。方法 实验动物根据体质量分层分组，随机分为对照组，银马解毒颗粒低、中、高剂量（小鼠3.1、6.2、12.4 g/kg，大鼠1.55、3.10、6.20 g/kg，相当于临床成人日等效剂量的0.5、1.0、2.0倍）组，肺力咳合剂（小鼠12 mL/kg，大鼠6 mL/kg）组，桔贝合剂（小鼠8 mL/kg，大鼠4 mL/kg）组，复方鲜竹沥液（小鼠10 mL/kg，大鼠5 mL/kg）组。除银马解毒颗粒组，其余各组均采用临床成人日等效剂量。每组又分为连续给药 3、5、7 d 3个亚组，共计21组，每组10只，雌雄各半。采用小鼠气管段酚红排泌法和大鼠毛细玻管法，通过检测酚红浓度及测量毛细管液柱的长度，考察药物在不同给药时间、不同剂量下的祛痰作用强度和特点。结果 小鼠酚红实验中，与对照组比较，各给药组均能增加气管段酚红排泌量，给药3 d银马解毒颗粒低剂量组无显著差异，其余各给药组具有极显著性差异（P<0.001）；与银马解毒颗粒中剂量组比较，给药7 d时，肺力咳合剂组、桔贝合剂组酚红排泌量显著减少（P<0.05）。大鼠毛细玻管实验中，与对照组比较，各给药组均能增加大鼠排痰量，给药3 d银马解毒颗粒低剂量组和桔贝合剂组无显著性差异，其余各给药组具有显著或极显著性差异（P<0.05、0.001）；与银马解毒颗粒中剂量组比较，给药5 d时，肺力咳合剂组大鼠排痰量增多，差异显著（P<0.05）。银马解毒颗粒祛痰作用随剂量增加和时间延长而增强。结论 银马解毒颗粒与肺力咳合剂、桔贝合剂、复方鲜竹沥液均具有祛痰作用，其中，银马解毒颗粒祛痰作用呈现量-时-效关系。

Comparative study on expectorant effects of Yinma Jiedu Granules, Feilike Mixture, Jubei Mixture, and Compound Xianzhuli Liquid

Objective To compare the expectorant effects and characteristics of Yinma Jiedu Granules, Feilike Mixture, Jubei Mixture, and Compound Xianzhuli Liquid. Methods The experimental animals were randomly divided into three subgroups: 3-day administration group, 5-day administration group and 7-day administration group. Each subgroup was divided into control group, Yinma Jiedu Granules low-dose, medium-dose and high-dose groups, Feilike Mixture group, Jubei Mixture group and Compound Xianzhuli Liquid group. Phenol red excretion method in mouse trachea and capillary tube method in rat were used to detect the concentration of phenol red and measure the length of capillary liquid column, so as to investigate the strength and characteristics of expectorant effect of drugs at different doses and times of administration. Results In the mice experiment, compared with the control group, each administration group could increase the secretion of phenol red in trachea segment, and there was no significant difference in yinma jiedu granules low-dose group in 3-day administration group, there was extremely significant difference in the other administration groups (P<0.001). Compared with Yinmajiedu Granules medium dose group, the secretion of phenol red in Feilike Mixture group and Jubei Mixture group was significantly decreased at 7-day administration group (P<0.05). In the rat experiment, compared with the control group, each administration group can increase the amount of sputum in rats. There was no significant difference in the increase in the low-dose Yinma Jiedu Granules group and the Jubei Mixture group in 3-day administration group, but there were significant or extremely significant differences in the other administration groups (P<0.05 and 0.001). Compared with the middle-dose group of Yinma Jiedu Granules, the amount of sputum in the Feilike Mixture group was significantly increased at 5-day administration group (P<0.05). Moreover, the expectorant effect of Yinma Jiedu Granules increased with increasing dose and time. Conclusion Yinma Jiedu Granules, Feilike Mixture, Jubei Mixture and Compound Xianzhuli Liquid all have expectorant effect, and the expectorant effect intensity of Yinma Jiedu Granule shows a dose-time-effect relationship.