家庭保健员培训在社区糖尿病患者健康管理中的应用研究

目的探讨家庭保健员培训在社区糖尿病患者健康管理中的作用。方法采用前瞻性自身对照方法,对220例糖尿病患者或其照顾者进行家庭保健员式的健康教育培训,通过对比患者或其照顾者培训前及培训后6个月对糖尿病自我管理能力、糖尿病相关知识掌握及糖尿病相关临床检查指标3个方面的变化,评价家庭保健员培训在社区糖尿病患者健康管理中的作用。结果培训后患者及其照顾者糖尿病自我管理能力总体评分情况高于培训前(26.41±4.90 vs.13.38±1.43,F=336.78,P=0.001)。培训后对糖尿病相关知识回答的正确率明显高于培训前,差异有统计学意义(P均0.001)。依据培训前后回答问题得分差值,分成培训效果显著组(n=134)和培训效果不显著组(n=77),培训效果显著组患者糖化血红蛋白水平(6.3±0.2)%]明显低于训效果不显著组(8.6±0.4)%],差异有统计学意义(F=36.9,P=0.001)。全组接受家庭保健员培训后,糖化血红蛋白水平显著下降(6.8±0.5)% vs.(9.4±0.5)%,t=53.97,P0.05],体质指数与培训前无明显差异(t=85.63,P=0.86)。结论家庭保健员培训在社区糖尿病患者健康管理中发挥了积极作用,应该积极强化推广。

Study on the education of family health-care assistants for patients with diabetes mellitus in community health control

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of health training for family health-care assistants for patients with diabetes mellitus in community health control.Methods The prospective self-control study was conducted in 220 diabetes mellitus patients accepted the family health-care assistants’ health training for themselves or their attendants.The ability of self-management,degree of mastering diabetes-related knowledge,and results of some biomedical measures were compared between the before and 6 months after implementation of the health training.The effectiveness of health training for family health-care assistants for patients with diabetes mellitus in community health control was evaluated.Results After the implementation the health training,we divided the two groups based on the effect of health training.The patients’ abilities of self-management and the level of mastering diabetes-related knowledge was improved(P < 0.05).In the positive effect group,HbA1c level was decreased(P < 0.05) by comparing the before and the after health training(P < 0.05);However,the body mass index had no significant changes(P > 0.05).Conclusion The family health-care assistants’ health training plays an important role in patients with diabetes mellitus in community health control,and we should pay more attention to completing these programs.