精神分裂症患者杀亲行为的司法鉴定

目的探讨精神分裂症患者杀亲行为的特征及相关的精神病理学的差异。方法采用自编犯罪学调查表对61例精神分裂症患者以亲属为凶杀对象的凶杀案,与68例以非亲属为凶杀对象的凶杀案进行比较。结果①两组凶杀行为的主要原因均为幻觉、妄想,但对照组的关系妄想(χ2=4.04,P<0.05)及未经诊治问题突出(χ2=4.09,P<0.05);②在凶杀行为的决意实施方面,研究组计划、预谋明显少于对照组(χ2=5.27,P<0.05);③作案工具的选择方面,研究组绝大多数是随机取得(χ2=18.08,P<0.01);④受害人中研究组以配偶(28/61,45.90%)及母亲(24/61,38.24%)为多见,对照组以邻居为多见(27/68,39.71%)。结论精神分裂症杀亲行为的犯罪学特征更具有代表性。精神分裂症患者的密切接触者,是受害人中的重点预防对象,对于密切接触者的卫生宣教有利于凶杀预防。

Judicial Expertise for Behavior of Killing Relatives in Schizophrenia

Objective To explore the traits of killing relatives in schizophrenia and the difference of correlated psychopathology.Methods A total of 61 schizophrenia with the behaviors of killing relatives were investigated by self-designed criminology questionnaire,and the results were compared with 68 schizophrenia of killing non-relatives.Results ①Hallucination and delusion were the significant reasons for two groups,but the problems of delusion of reference（χ2=4.04,P〈0.05） and non-diagnosed or treated（χ2=4.09,P〈0.05） were significant in control.②In aspects of motivation and execution,the premeditation,study group was significantly less than control group（χ2=5.27,P〈0.05）.③In study group,most of tools for criminal purpose was obtained randomly（χ2=18.08,P〈0.01）.④The most of victims were spouses（28/61,45.90%） and mothers（24/61,38.24%）in study group,and most of victims were neighbors（27/68,39.71%）in control.Conclusion The behaviors of killing relatives in schizophrenia have the representative traits of criminology.The intimate relatives of schizophrenia are important objects who need to be protected;the mental health education for them should be useful to prevent criminal behaviors from patients of schizophrenia.