某地区受艾滋病影响儿童心理状况调查

目的调查山西某艾滋病比较集中的地区受艾滋病影响儿童的情绪状况、社会支持、应对方式和心理韧性等方面的现状。方法采用中文版儿童焦虑性情绪障碍筛查表(SCARED)、中文版儿童抑郁自评量表(DSRS)、社会支持评定量表(SSS)、简易应对方式问卷(SCSQ)及青少年心理韧性量表(RSCA)进行调查。结果①在焦虑、抑郁情绪得分上,受艾滋病影响儿童组即研究组(分别为23.45±11.32、11.37±4.37)与普通儿童组即对照组(分别为22.53±11.08、11.40±4.38)之间的差异不具有统计学意义(P>0.05);②在积极应对得分上,研究组(19.61±6.40)与对照组(22.70±5.28)之间的差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);③在客观支持、主观支持以及社会支持总分上,研究组(分别为9.30±2.92、24.11±3.97、41.83±7.01)与对照组(分别为10.81±2.71、25.75±3.75、45.34±6.44)之间的差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);④在目标专注、积极认知以及心理韧性总分得分上,研究组(分别为3.58±0.80、3.55±0.92、93.97±14.06)与对照组(分别为3.84±0.66、3.79±0.74、97.69±11.64)之间的差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论与普通儿童相比,受艾滋病影响儿童在社会支持的获得上存在明显的不足,同时,其积极应对的能力和心理韧性也需要进一步加强,有必要在这些方面对他们实施有针对性的心理辅导和干预。

Investigation and Analysis on the Psychological Condition of the Children Affected by HIV/AIDS in an area

Objective To investigate and analyze the psychological condition of the children affected by HIV/AIDS in an area,including emotional state,social support,coping style and resilience.Methods Using The Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders,Depression Self-rating Scale,Social Support Assessment Scale,Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire and Resilience Scale for Chinese Adolescents to investigate the children.Results ①In regard to the total scores of anxiety and depression,significant differences were not found between the research group and the control group.②In regard to the total scores of positive coping style,significant differences were found between the research group and the control group.③In regard to the total scores of objective social support,subjective social support and social support total,significant differences were found between the research group and the control group.④In regard to the total scores of goal planning positive thinking and resilience total,significant differences were found between the research group and the control group.Conclusion Compared to the ordinary children,children affected by HIV/AIDS have obvious deficiency in getting the social support,and at the same time,the ability of positive coping and resilience also need further strengthen.It is necessary to implement targeted psychological coaching and intervention in these respects for them.