团体辅导对提高大学生自信心、容纳他人与自我和谐水平的实验研究

目的探讨团体心理辅导对提高大学生自信心、容纳他人和自我和谐水平的效果。方法采用个人评价量表、容纳他人量表和自我和谐量表,对某医学院2009级28名同学进行施测,其中14名同学自愿编为实验组,接受团体辅导,其余14名同学编为对照组,不接受任何干预措施。团体开始前对28名同学进行前测,团体结束后再对28名同学进行后测。结果①实验组团体心理辅导后与辅导前在个人评价(t=-2.46,P<0.05)、容纳他人(t=-2.65,P<0.05)和自我和谐(t=2.61,P<0.05)方面均存在显著差异;未经团体心理辅导的对照组在个人评价、容纳他人和自我和谐方面均不存在显著差异;②团体心理辅导前实验组和对照组在分维度容纳他人方面(t=2.18,P<0.05)存在显著差异,团体心理辅导后在分维度容纳他人(t=2.62,P<0.05)、被他人容纳(t=3.18,P<0.05)、自我经验不和谐(t=1.78,P<0.05)、自我灵活性(t=9.16,P<0.01)和自我刻板性(t=2.52,P<0.05)方面均存在显著差异。结论团体心理辅导能增强大学生个人自信心;提高大学生容纳他人和被他人容纳能力;加快大学生自我和谐的成熟。进而可以促进大学新生更好地认识自我,尽快适应大学新生活。

Experimental Research on the Effect of Group Instruction in Improving the Level of College Students' Self-confidence,Acceptance of Others and Self Consistency and Congruence

Objective To explore the effect of group instruction on improving self-confidence,acceptance of others and self consistency and congruence of college students.Methods A total of 28 college students were assessed with Personal Evaluation Scale,Acceptance of Others Scale and Self Consistency and Congruence Scale,14 students were selected as the experimental group,which received the group instruction.The other 14 students formed the control group with none instruction,all of 28 students were tested together after the whole group instruction.Results ①There were significant differences between the experimental group before and after psychological guidance on evaluation(t=2.46,P<0.05),accommodate others(t=2.65,P<0.05)and self harmonious(t=2.61,P<0.05);There were no significant differences in the compared group on individual evaluation,accommodate others and self harmonious aspects;②Before psychological guidance,there was significant difference between two groups on accommodate others(t=2.18,P<0.05);There were significant differences between two groups in accommodate others(t=2.62,P<0.05),accommodated by others(t=3.18,P<0.05),self experience not harmonious(t=1.78,P<0.05),self flexibility(t=9.16,P<0.01) and self stereotype(t=2.52,P<0.05) after psychological guidance.Conclusion Group instruction can improve self-confidence,acceptance of others and self consistency and congruence,and then help college students better understand themselves and suit for the new environment more quickly.