特质焦虑、应激和应对与心理健康的关系

目的探讨特质焦虑、应激、应对及心理健康之间的相关关系。方法以《中国大学生心理应激量表》、《状态-特质焦虑问卷》、《中国青少年应对风格量表》及《症状自评量表》为研究工具,对510名大学生进行测试。结果①SCL-90总均分与应激总量(r=0.306,P<0.01)和特质焦虑(r=0.613,P<0.01)正相关,特质焦虑与注重问题的应对策略负相关(r=-0.273,P<0.01),与注重情绪的应对策略正相关(r=0.213,P<0.01);②调节效应分析表明,特质焦虑在生活事件应激与躯体化之间起调节作用,在日常生活琐事应激与人际关系敏感、偏执及精神病性症状之间分别起调节作用;③SEM检验结果表明,注重问题的应对策略(χ2/d f<5,GF I=0.929,RM SEA=0.068;NNF I=0.954,CF I=0.962)与注重情绪的应对策略(χ2/d f<5,GF I=0.918,RM SEA=0.067;NNF I=0.943,CF I=0.951)分别在特质焦虑与心理健康之间起部分中介作用。结论特质焦虑通过调节效应影响了心理应激与心理健康之间的关系,而特质焦虑对心理健康的预测效应则是通过应对这一中介变量实现的。

Relationships between Trait Anxiety, Stress ,Coping and Mental Health

Objective To investigate the relationships between trait anxiety,stress,coping and mental health.Methods A total of 510 undergraduates were as the samples,and estimated with the Chinese College Student Psychological Stress Scale（CCSPSS）,State-Trait Anxiety Inventory（STAI）,the Chinese Adolescence Coping Styles Scale（CACSS）and Symptom Checklist 90（SCL-90）.Results ①There were strong positive relationships between the total average score of SCL-90 and the total score of stress（r=0.306,P0.01）,trait anxiety（r=0.613,P0.01）,trait anxiety was a significantly negative correlation with situation-focused coping（r=-0.273,P0.01）,and positive correlation with emotion-focused coping（r=0.213,P0.01）.②Trait anxiety played moderating effect between life events and somatization,the same effect occurred between daily hassles and interpersonal sensitivity,paranoid ideation or psychoticism.③Through SEM,situation-focused coping played partly mediating effect between trait anxiety and mental health（χ2/df5,GFI=0.929,RMSEA=0.068;NNFI=0.954,CFI=0.962）,emotion-focused coping also played partly mediating effect between trait anxiety and mental health（χ2/df5,GFI=0.918,RMSEA=0.067;NNFI=0.943,CFI=0.951）.Conclusion By moderating effect,trait anxiety affects the relationship between psychological stress and mental health;coping is a partial mediated factor in the relationship between trait anxiety and mental health.