优秀大学生自杀意念及其影响因素分析

目的探讨优秀大学生自杀意念及其影响因素。方法采用整群抽样方法,对湖南某高校2007、2008年700名获国家励志奖学金的大学生应用自编自杀意念问卷、自杀态度问卷等8个量表,采用非条件logistic回归筛查出自杀意念的危险因素。结果优秀大学生中有14.6%的人最近1年内出现自杀意念,女生比男生高(χ2=5.292,P=0.021),多因素logistic回归分析揭示负性生活事件是自杀意念的诱发因素,但不起主要作用,父亲情感温暖与理解,对自杀性质的认识,担心错误,心理疾病倾向是产生自杀意念的主要因素(P=0.00)。结论心理健康状况、父母教养方式、人格特征三者相互作用产生自杀意念,其中过度追求完美是优秀大学生自杀意念的人格因素。

Study on the Related Factors of Suicidal Ideation in Academically Talented Undergraduates

Objective To evaluate psychosocial factors and patterns on suicidal ideation of the academically talented undergraduates.Methods A total of 700 academically talented undergraduates in 2007,2008 at university were surveyed with Self-designed Scale for Suicidal Idea,Psychological Stress Scale,Coping Style Scale,Social Support Scale,Parental Rearing Style,Frost’s Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale and SCL-90,and then Factors associated with suicidal ideation were analyzed with logistic regression.Results One year prior to our investigation14.6% of respondents had suicide ideation.Tendency of psychological disorder was the major factor.Negative life events did not directly affect suicidal ideation.The principal factor related to suicidal ideation were mental disturbance disposition,attitudes towards character of suicide,father’s warmth and understanding rearing style,perfectionism’s dimensions-concern over mistake.Conclusion Personality,negative life events and mental health status were intergraded and resulted in suicidal idea,over perfectionism may be the important factors.