职业性镍接触工人外周血淋巴细胞微核率观察

目的]探讨职业性镍接触对工人外周血淋巴细胞微核率的影响以及染色体损伤作用。方法]根据生产工艺的不同，选取某钢铁企业男性炼钢工、轧钢工及钢渣处理工共231人作为镍接触组，同时选择该企业的男性水泵工75人为对照组。采用人外周血淋巴细胞胞质分裂阻滞微核试验检测各组淋巴细胞的微核率；采用丁二酮肟分光光度法检测尿中镍的含量。结果]不同镍接触组细胞微核率分别与对照组相比，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01），相关分析显示淋巴细胞微核率与尿镍含量呈正相关性（r=0．971，P〈0．05）；不同工龄组细胞微核率分别和对照组相比较，差异也有统计学意义（P〈0．01），相关分析．显示，工龄与细胞微核率和尿镍含量均呈正相关性（r微核率=0．923，P〈0．05；r尿镍=0．915，P〈0．05）；不同镍接触组尿镍含量分别与对照组相比，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；不同工龄尿镍含量分别与对照组比较，除工龄“0年～”和“6年～”组以外，各组与对照组相比，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论]职业性镍接触使工人外周血淋巴细胞微核率增加．对染色体有捐伤作用。

Observation on Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes Micronucleus Rate of Occupational Nickel Exposed Workers

Objective ] To study the effects of occupational nickel exposure on micronucleus rate of workers＇ peripheral blood lymphocytes and their chromosome damage. Methods ] According to the different production processes, altogether 231 steel refining workers, millmen and slaggers from an iron and steel enterprise were selected as nickel exposure group, another 75 water pumping workers as the control group. Lymphocyte micronucleus rate of both exposure and control groups was detected using cytokine sis-block micronucleus-test, the nickel content in urine was detected by dimethylglyoxime sectrophotometry. Results ] Micronueleus rate of different nickel exposure groups seperately compared to the control group had statistical significance （P〈 0.05 ）, and had positive correlation with urine nickel content （ r = 0.971 ）. Micronucleus rate of different work-age groups separately compared to the control group had statistical signifieanee（P 〈 0.01 ）, and had positive correlation with the micronucleus rate and urine nickel content （ r micronucleus rate = 0.923, P 〈 0.05; r urine nickel =0.915, P 〈 0.05 ）. The nickel content in urine of different nickel exposure groups seperately compared to the control group had statistical significance （ P 〈 0.05 ）. There were no significant differences of 0- and 6- work-age groups in urinary nickel content compared to the control group（ P〉0.05 ）, but in other work-age groups （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion ] Occupational nickel exposure could increase lymphocyte micronucleus rate in workers, and cause chromosomes impairment.