综合护理干预对精神分裂症患者社会技能及生活质量的影响

目的探讨综合护理干预对精神分裂症患者社会技能及生活质量的影响.方法将76例精神分裂症患者随机均分为观察组和对照组.两组均常规予利培酮系统治疗,观察组从第3周开始予以为期8周的综合护理干预,内容包括集体健康教育、个体心理护理、生活技能训练、社会技能训练、家庭支持和教育等,随后对两组患者进行为期1年的随访.采用阴性和阳性症状评定量表(PANSS)、住院患者护士观察量表(NOSIE-30)和生活质量量表(QOL-100)进行评估.结果随访结束时,观察组PANSS总分、阳性症状及阴性症状评分显著低于对照组(均P<0.01);NOSIE-30总分及总积极因素评分显著高于对照组(均P<0.01),总消极因素评分显著低于对照组(P<0.01);生活质量总分、生活领域、心理领域、独立性领域及社会关系领域评分显著高于对照组(P<0.05,P<0.01).结论综合护理干预不仅有助于改善精神分裂症患者的精神症状和社会技能,而且有助于提高患者的生活质量.

Effect of Comprehensive Nursing Interventions on Social Functions and Quality of Life of Patients with Schizophrenia

Objective To explore the effect of comprehensive nursing interventions on social functions and quality of life of schizophrenic patients.Methods Seventy-six patients with schizophrenia were randomly divided into observation group (n=38) and control group (n=38). All patients were treated with risperidone and those in observation group were subjected to comprehensive nursing interventions additionally. The study was conducted for 8 weeks and followed up for one year and was evaluated with the Positive and Negative Symptoms Scale (PANSS), Nurse Observation Scale for Inpatient Evaluation-30 (NOSIE-30) and the Quality of Life-100 (WHO, QOL-100).Results At the end of follow-up, the scores of the total PANSS, positive symptoms and negative symptoms in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (all P<0.01). The total score of NOSIE-30 and the score of positive factor in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group(all P<0.01), while the score of negative factor in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.01). The scores of QOL general evaluation, living field, areas of mental, dependence and social relation in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Conclusion Comprehensive nursing interventions could help to improve psychiatric symptom and social functions of the patients with schizophrenia, and enhance life quality.