孕妇维生素营养状况对胎儿生长发育的影响

目的探讨孕妇维生素营养状况对胎儿生长发育的影响。方法以湖南省长沙市224名孕妇为调查对象，测定不同孕龄孕妇的血清维生素水平及胎儿生长发育评价指标，并对孕妇的膳食营养摄入，生活因素进行了调查。结果孕妇血清维生素E水平随妊娠进展明显上升，叶酸水平则下降，孕晚期尤为明显，逐步回归分析显示，孕妇血清维生素A、维生素E、叶酸水平均影响胎儿的生长发育(P＜0.05)，维生素E的作用最大；典型相关分析显示，孕妇的四项血清维生素水平与孕妇产前宫高、腹围、胎儿股骨长、新生儿出生体重、新生儿Apgar评分五项指标呈正相关(P＜0.05)。结论孕妇维生素营养状况与胎儿生长发育密切相关。

Influence of Maternal Nutrition Status on the Development of fetus

Objective:To study the influence of pregnant women's vitamin status on the development of fetus.Methods:224 pregnant women were chosen as objects in Changsha,Hunan Province.And their serum vitamins were examined (include vitamin A,vitamin E,Vitamin C and folate) along with the estimate index of fetal growth and development.The dietary nutriment intake and life factors were also investigated.Results:It was found that with the development of gestation,there was a remarkable rise in serum vitamin E and decrease in serum folate.This change was extremely obvious in the third trimester.The result of stepwise regression analysis showed that the level of serum vitamin A,vitamin E and folate all influence the fetal growth and development (P<0.05),and vitamin E showed the greatest effect.Canonical correlation analysis showed these four serum vitamin levels of pregnant women positivly correlated with uterus height and abdomen circumference of pregnant women,fetal BPD,IBW and newborn infant Apgar score(P<0.05).We also analyzed th life factors and dietary nutriment intake synthetically,and the result showed that the influence on fetal growth and development were ranked as following:pregnant women's dietary nutriment intake (determinate coefficient R 2=49.10%),the four serum vitamin levels (R 2=29.78%),life factors (R 2=14.32%).Conclusion:The maternal vitamin status is closely related with the development of fetus.