循环肿瘤细胞的富集分离和检测

循环肿瘤细胞（circulating tumor cells，CTCs）与恶性肿瘤的复发和转移有密切关系。CTCs 是指自发或因诊疗操作由实体瘤或转移灶释放进入外周血循环的肿瘤细胞。但是，CTCs 在癌症患者外周血中含量极少而且其在血液循环中往往相互聚集或者与其他细胞黏附集聚，另外循环肿瘤细胞还可能发生一些转变。例如上皮－间质转化（epithelial －mesenchymal transition，EMT），造成的 CTCs 表面标志物的改变，因此CTCs 的富集分离、检测十分困难。诸多技术各有各的优缺点，至今还没有统一的标准。本文就当今正使用的一些富集分离和检测技术进行总结并分析其优缺点。

Enrichment,separation and fetection of circulating tumor cells

CTCs (circulating tumor cells)have closed relationship with recurrence and metastasis of malignant tumor.CTCs refers to tumor cells that released from solid tumor or metastases into the peripheral blood circulating spontaneously or during operation.However,the number of CTCs is rare in peripheral blood CTCs,in peripheral blood,often aggregate each other or with other cells and circulating tumor cells also may changes,such as epithelial mesenchymal transition(EMT)-cause the changes of CTCs surface markers.Thus,CTCs enrichment,separation and detection are very difficult.So far,no unified standard is available.In this paper,methods of enrichment,separation and detection of CTCs were summarized.And their advantages and disadvantages were analyzed.