胃肠胰高级别神经内分泌肿瘤病理诊断现状及研究进展

Abstract： Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasm(GEP-NEN) are classified into low-grade and high-grade tumors according to the WHO classification criteria for digestive system tumors. The high-grade NEN include well differentiated neuroendocrine tumor G3 and poorly differentiated neuroendocrine cancer. The clinical pathological characteristics and treatment options of the two are significantly different， however， it is difficult in differential diagnosis pathologically. This paper summarizes the current pathological diagnostic criteria and research progress on immunohistochemical and molecular marker of these two types of tumors， to provide reference for the development of appropriate treatment plans.

Current Status and Progress on Pathological Diagnosis of High Grade Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasm

Abstract： As one of the most common malignant tumors in the upper digestive tract，gastric cancer is often diagnosed at an advanced stage due to the lack of specific symptoms in the early stages，which is similar to those of diseases such as chronic gastritis and functional dyspepsia. The main treatment for advanced gastric cancer includes chemotherapy，targeted therapy，and more recently，immunotherapy. However，immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs) such as programmed cell death protein 1(PD-1) antibodies can only improve the condition of some patients with limited clinical efficacy. Recently the adenosine signaling pathway in cancer has gained increasing attention and may become another potential target for tumor treatment. This paper provides a review of the role of adenosine signaling pathway in immune regulation in gastric cancer.