国际卫生改革中权力下放的主要形式

从世界范围看,当前的卫生改革往往伴随着明显的权力下放。根据不同国家卫生改革的潮流,世界卫生组织以五种形式对以下权力下放作了分类总结:其中两种形式是加强下一级的卫生系统和地方政府,这是传统的权力下放形式;其他三种则是较新的形式,这些形式大体情况是:发展自治机构;发展执行机构;发展非政府提供者。

Major Methods of the Decentralization in International health reform

In the world, it is clear that health reform always accompanies with the decentralization in the light of the tendency of health reform in different conntres, World Health Organization has summarized five ways about decentralization. There are two traditional ways which is to strengthen the power to lower level health organ and local government. The others are newer ways. The five ways are given: (1 )to enhance the power of lower level health organ (2)to develop the power in loeal government (3)to develop the power in autonomous organ (4)to develop the executive body (5) to develop medical care deliverers of non - government organization.