皮瓣修复足跟部皮肤软组织缺损的研究进展

用于修复足跟部皮肤软组织缺损的皮瓣，主要分为知名血管皮瓣和非知名血管皮瓣，前者主要包含小腿外侧、内侧皮瓣和足背皮瓣等；后者主要包括足底内侧皮瓣、足外侧皮瓣、外踝上逆行岛状皮瓣，以及皮神经营养血管皮瓣（腓肠神经营养血管筋膜蒂皮瓣和隐神经营养血管皮瓣）等。本文对用于足跟部皮肤软组织缺损的各种皮瓣的解剖学基础和治疗优缺点进行综述。

Research Progress of Flaps for the Repair of Skin and Tissue Defects on Foot Heel

Flaps for the repair of skin and tissue defects of foot heel were mainly divided into two kinds：known vascular flap and unknown vascular flap. The former mainly includes lateral crural flap, medial crural flap, dorsalis pedis flap and so on;The latter mainly includes medial plantar flap, lateral flap, supramalleolar retrograde island flap, neurocutaneous vascular flap （sural neurovascular flap and saphenous vascular flap） and so on. In this paper, the anatomical basis, advantages and disadvantages of flaps for the repair of skin and tissue defects of foot heel were reviewed.