城市空巢老人社区居家医养结合服务需求问卷的构建及信效度检验

目的 编制城市空巢老人社区居家医养结合服务需求问卷，并检验信效度。方法 以马斯洛层次需求理论、积极老龄化理论为指导，通过文献分析、半结构式访谈、专家函询形成初始版问卷。采用方便抽样法选取495名城市空巢老人进行调查，检验问卷的信效度。结果 最终形成的问卷包括8个维度、37个条目，累计方差贡献率为65.559%;条目水平的内容效度指数为0.824～1.000,问卷水平的内容效度指数为0.930;问卷总Cronbach′s α系数为0.966。验证性因子分析χ²/df=1.236,RMSEA=0.033,SRMR=0.030,CFI=0.982,TLI=0.980,IFI=0.982。结论 编制的问卷具有良好的信效度，可作为评估城市空巢老人社区居家医养结合服务需求的工具。

Development and validation of a questionnaire to evaluate the demand for community medical-nursing combined services among urban empty-nest older adults

Objective To develop a questionnaire to evaluate the demand for community medical-nursing combined services among urban empty-nest older adults and to test its reliability and validity.Methods Based on the Maslow′s Hierarchy of Needs theory and the Active Aging theory, a draft of the questionnaire was formulated after literature review, qualitative interviews, and expert consultation, then a cross-sectional survey with 495 urban empty-nest older adults was conducted to test the reliability and validity of the questionnaire.Results The final version of the questionnaire included eight dimensions and 37 items, which accounted for 65.559% of the total variance in exploratory factor analysis. The item-level content validity index (CVI) ranged from 0.824 to 1.000, and the scale-level CVI was 0.930.The overall Cronbach′s α coefficient was 0.966.Confirmatory factor analysis indicated good model fit （χ2/df = 1.236,RMSEA=0.033,SRMR=0.030,CFI= 0.982,TLI=0.980,IFI=0.982）.Conclusion The questionnaire is reliable and valid to assess demand for community medical-nursing combined services among urban empty-nest older adults.