老年呼吸道异物的临床特点和围手术期处理

目的 探讨老年呼吸道异物的临床特点及围手术期处理方法。方法 回顾性分析9例老年呼吸道异物患者的临床资料，总结此类患者临床特点及恰当的围手术期处理方案。结果 9例中4例首诊于呼吸内科，其中3例行纤维支气管镜检查确诊后转入我科；在表面麻醉加静脉复合麻醉下经口行支气管镜检查取出7例，在表面麻醉下经气管切开口行支气管镜术取出2例，术后无并发症发生。结论 老年人肺部感染性病变经抗感染治疗后反复不愈者，应警惕呼吸道异物；CT扫描有助于老年呼吸道异物的诊断；支气管镜术是治疗老年呼吸道异物的主要方法。

The clinical characteristics and perioperative management of tracheobronchial foreign bodies in aged patients

Objective To study the clinical characteristics and perioperative management for aged patients with tracheobronchial foreign bodies. Method A retrospective analysis was performed on 9 aged patients with tracheobronchial foreign bodies. The clinical characteristics and perioperative management in these cases were summarized. Result First doctor′s office visit in pulmonary medicine were found in 4 of 9 patients and 3 cases were transferred to the ENT department after being diagnosed by fiberoptic bronchoscopy.In 7 cases, foreign bobies were removed with transoral bronchoscopy under topical anesthesia and balanced anesthesia. In the other 2 cases, the foreign bodies were removed with bronchoscopy through the tracheostoma under topical anesthesia. No complication occurred. Conclusion For the elderly, if pulmonary infection is persistent or refractory to antibiotic treatment, tracheobronchial foreign bodies should be suspected. CT scan contributed to the diagnosis and bronchoscopy is the main therapy.