Importation of Hyalomma marginatum,vector of Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus,into the United Kingdom by migratory birds |
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| Authors: | Lisa J. Jameson Peter J. Morgan Jolyon M. Medlock George Watola Alexander G.C. Vaux |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Medical Entomology & Zoonoses Ecology, Microbial Risk Assessment, Emergency Response Dept., Health Protection Services, Health Protection Agency, Porton Down, Wiltshire SP4 0JG, UK;2. Portland Bird Observatory and Field Centre, The Old Lower Light, Portland Bill, Dorset DT5 2JT, UK;3. Wildlife Management Program, The Food and Environment Research Agency, Sand Hutton, York YO41 1LZ, UK;1. Department of Biology, Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, Turkey;2. Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, Turkey;3. Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Institute, TUBITAK Marmara Research Center, Kocaeli, Turkey;1. Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States;2. Oregon State University Plant Clinic, Corvallis, OR, United States;3. Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States;4. Legacy Medical Group Northwest, Portland, OR, United States;1. Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Firat, 23119 Elazig, Turkey;2. Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey;1. Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites Street 1, Riga LV-1067, Latvia;2. Rīga Stradi?? University, Dzirciema Street 16, Riga LV-1007, Latvia;3. Institute of Biology, University of Latvia, Miera Street 3, Salaspils LV-2169, Latvia;1. Bundeswehr Institute of Microbiology, Munich, Germany;2. Veterinary Research Institute, Soba, Khartoum, Sudan;3. Ministry of Animal Resources, Kassala, Sudan;4. College of Veterinary Medicine, Sudan University of Science and Technology, Khartoum North, Sudan;5. University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany |
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| Abstract: | Hyalomma marginatum ticks are an important vector of Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus which can result in a severe and potentially fatal disease in humans. Given the continued emergence of clinical cases in Eurasia and focalised upsurges of H. marginatum populations in Europe, it seemed prudent to assess the potential of this vector species to be introduced into the United Kingdom. Immature forms of H. marginatum are frequent ectoparasites of passerine birds many of which migrate from Africa to the UK each spring. Incoming birds were inspected for ticks during the spring migration in 2010 and 2011. A total of 68 ticks was collected from 971 birds (29 bird species), 21% (14) of the ticks were identified as H. marginatum. Oenanthe oenanthe (Northern wheatear) and Sylvia communis (Whitethroat) were found to be infested by this tick in both years and with multiple ticks. Single specimens were also removed from Acrocephalus schoenobaenus (Sedge warbler) and Phoenicurus phoenicurus (Common redstart) in 2010. This study provides the first contemporary evidence for substantial importation of this tick species into the UK. |
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