中草药五加皮和茯苓的拮抗镉诱变作用

目的：观察五加皮和茯苓对小鼠体细胞遗传物质有无致突变性，以及对镉（Cd）所致突变的抗诱变作用。方法：70只小鼠随机分成阴性对照组（生理盐水,N.S）、CdSO₄诱变组（1/5半数致死量，即17.6 mg?kg^-1）、五加皮实验组（1、2及4 g?kg^-1）、茯苓实验组（2.5、5.0及10.0 g?kg^-1）、五加皮拮抗镉诱变组（CdSO₄+五加皮各剂量组）、茯苓拮抗镉诱变组（CdSO₄+茯苓各剂量组），每剂量组5只动物。药品均经口服给药。按Heddle建议MNT方法进行微核实验。结果：五加皮各剂量组的微核率均低于阴性对照组（P<0.05）；茯苓各剂量组的微核率与阴性对照组比较差异无显著性（P>0.05）。与CdSO₄诱变组比较，五加皮拮抗镉诱变组、茯苓拮抗镉诱变组的微核率明显降低（P<0.05或P<0.01），但各剂量组间比较差异无显著性（P>0.05）。五加皮拮抗镉诱变组的微核率与茯苓拮抗镉诱变组比较差异无显著性（P>0.05）。结论：五加皮和茯苓对小鼠体细胞遗传物质无致突变毒性，对CdSO₄诱发的体细胞遗传物质损伤具有明显的拮抗作用，是良好的抗诱变剂。

Antagonistic effects of acanthopanasia and hoelen on mutagenesis induced by cadmium

Objective To examine whether acanthopanasia and hoelen have mutagenic effects on the genetic damage of somatic cells and study the antagonism of two Chinese herbal medicines on mutagenesis induced by cadmium. Methods Seventy mice were randomly divided into five groups:negative control(N.S),cadmium sulfate mutagenesis groups(1/5 half lethal dose, 17.6 mg·kg-1),acanthopanasia groups(1,2,4 g·kg-1),hoelen group(2.5,5.0,10.0 g·kg-1),acanthopanasia antimutagenicity group(cadmium sulfate +each acanthopanasia group)and hoelen antimutagenicity group(cadmium sulfate+ each hoelen group),five mice per group. Drugs were given by mouth. According to Heddle,the micronucleus test was performed. Results The micronucleus(MN) rates in acanthopanasia groups were less than that in negative control(P<0.05); the MN rates in hoelen groups had no obvious differences compared with negative control. The MN rates in acanthopanasia antimutagenicity groups and hoelen antimutagenicity groups were reduced significantly compared with cadmium sulfate mutagenesis group(P<0.05 or P<0.01),but there was no obvious difference of the MN rate between different doses individuals(P>0.05). The was no obvious difference of the MN rate between acanthopanasia antimutagenicity group and hoelen antimutagenicity group(P>0.05). Conclusion Both acanthopanasia and hoelen have no mutagenic toxicity founded on the genetic damage of somatic cells,and have significant antagonistic effects on the genetic damage induced by cadmium sulfate,and they are good antimutagents.